A&p Ii: Lab #6 Digestive System

Front 1

Benedict's solution

Back 1

test that indicates the absence of starch (presence of simple sugars); blue changes to yellow/red/orange

Front 2

Lugol's iodine

Back 2

test that indicates presence of starch; dark purple

Front 3

Litmus cream

Back 3

dairy cream used as a pH indicator; pink = acidic and blue = alkaline

Front 4

Exp. 3: Fat & Lipid Digestion

Which tube was most acidic, as indicated by its color?

Back 4

Tube #2

Front 5

Exp. 3: Fat & Lipid Digestion

Which tube showed the most digestion? Why?

Back 5

Tube #2 because bile salts were added.

Front 6

Exp. 3: Fat & Lipid Digestion

Where did the acid come from as the fat was digested?

Back 6

The breakdown of a triglyceride is a glycerol + fatty acid. <=== FATTY ACID!

Front 7

Why are the tubes incubated at 37 degrees Centigrade?

Back 7

They are incubated at this temperature to mimic the core body temperature of a normal. healthy adult.

Front 8

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 8

Colon

Front 9

#1

Back 9

Mucosa

Front 10

#2

Back 10

Lymphoid nodule

Front 11

#3

Back 11

Submucosa

Front 12

#4

Back 12

Muscularis externa and serosa

Front 13

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 13

Pancreas

Tip: Circles (acini) surrounding big circle (islet)

Front 14

#1

Back 14

Pancreatic acini

Front 15

#2

Back 15

Pancreatic islets

Front 16

#1

Back 16

Crown

Front 17

#2

Back 17

Neck

Front 18

#3

Back 18

Root

Front 19

#1

Back 19

Enamel

Front 20

#2

Back 20

Dentin

Front 21

#3

Back 21

Pulp cavity

Front 22

#4

Back 22

Root canal

Front 23

#1

Back 23

Pancreatic acini

Front 24

#2

Back 24

Pancreatic islet

Front 25

#1

Back 25

Hepatocytes

Front 26

#2

Back 26

Sinusoids

Front 27

#1

Back 27

Sinusoids

Front 28

#2

Back 28

Hepatocytes

Front 29

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 29

Liver

Tip: Freckled (nuclei); Squiggles (sinusoids) coming out of white mass (central vein)

Front 30

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 30

Liver

Front 31

Identify this digestive structure.

Note: Empty goblet cells

Back 31

Large intestine (colon)

Front 32

#1

Back 32

Goblet cell

Front 33

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 33

Large intestine (colon)

Front 34

#1

Back 34

Goblet cell

Front 35

#2

Back 35

Lymphoid nodule

Front 36

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 36

Small intestine

Note: Presence of villi.

Front 37

Identify layer #1.

Back 37

Serosa

Front 38

Identify layer #2.

Back 38

Muscularis

Front 39

Identify layer #3.

Back 39

Submucosa

Front 40

Identify layer #4.

Back 40

Mucosa

Front 41

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 41

Small intestine

Tip: Spikes (villi)

Front 42

#1

Back 42

Intestinal glands

Note: Beneath villi

Front 43

#2

Back 43

Duodenal glands

Note: Cluster of empty-looking cells

Front 44

#3

Back 44

Villi

Note: May look like fingers or circles

Front 45

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 45

Stomach

Tip: Stacked nuclei (rugae)

Front 46

#1

Back 46

Gastric pits

Note: Lie on top of rugae

Front 47

#2

Back 47

Rugae

Tip: Stacked up nuclei

Front 48

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 48

Stomach

Note: Stacked rugae in layer #4

Front 49

Identify layer #1.

Back 49

Serosa

Front 50

Identify layer #2.

Back 50

Muscularis

Note: Striated muscle fibers

Front 51

Identify layer #3.

Back 51

Submucosa

Front 52

Identify layer #4.

Back 52

Mucosa

Front 53

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 53

Salivary glands

Tip: Spotted animal skin; usually mistaken for pancreas

Front 54

#3


Image © A Gunin, 2000-09

Back 54

Taste buds

Front 55

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 55

Taste buds

Note: Oval-shaped; along sides of papillae

Front 56

pepsin

Back 56

proteolytic enzyme secreted in the stomach as its inactive form pepsinogen

Front 57

Exp. 1: Protein Digestion by Pepsin

Which tube digested the most protein and why?

Back 57

Tube #2 because HCl activates pepsin and it had the optimal pH for protein digestion.

Front 58

Exp. 2: Digestion of Carbs

What is the resulting color after adding Lugol's iodine in a test tube of starch solution?

What does this tell us?

Back 58

Dark purple

This tells us starch is present.

Front 59

salivary amylase

Back 59

enzyme secreted by the salivary glands that begins the breakdown of complex sugars and starches in the oral cavity

Front 60

Exp. 2: Digestion of Carbs

What is the resulting color after saliva/starch mix was added with Lugol's iodine?

Why is this color different than before?

Back 60

Yellow

Salivary amylase (in the saliva) broke down the starch and now starch is no longer detected.

Front 61

Exp. 2: Digestion of Carbs

What is the final color...
in the control?
In the digested tube?

Does this demonstrate the presence of sugar in digested tube?

Back 61

Control = Dark pink
Digested = Green

Yes

Front 62

Exp. 2: Digestion of Carbs

What happened to starch during water bath, at 37 degrees Centigrade, in terms of enzymatic activity?

Back 62

Polysaccharides turned into monosaccharides via salivary amylase.

Front 63

#1

Back 63

Lower esophageal sphincter

Front 64

#2

Back 64

Cardia

Front 65

#3

Back 65

Pyloric sphincter

Front 66

#4

Back 66

Pyloric antrum

Front 67

#5

Back 67

Body

Front 68

#6

Back 68

Fundus

Front 69

#1

Back 69

Lesser curvature

Front 70

#2

Back 70

Rugae

Front 71

#1

Back 71

Common bile duct

Front 72

#2

Back 72

Cystic duct

Front 73

#3

Back 73

Gallbladder

Front 74

#1

Back 74

Hepatic portal vein

Front 75

#2

Back 75

Right hepatic a.

Front 76

#3

Back 76

Cystic v.

Front 77

#4

Back 77

Cystic a.

Front 78

#1

Back 78

Hepatic v.

Front 79

#2

Back 79

Left hepatic a.

Front 80

#3

Back 80

Left hepatic duct

Front 81

Is your gallbladder on the left or right side of the body?

Back 81

Right side of the body

Front 82

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 82

Parotid gland

Front 83

#1

Back 83

Sublingual salivary gland

Note: Beneath the tongue

Front 84

#2

Back 84

Submandibular salivary gland

Note: Beneath the jaw

Front 85

#1

Back 85

Gastroepiploic a.

Note: Will follow along great curvature of stomach

Front 86

#2

Back 86

Hepatic flexure

Note: Right side of the body

Front 87

#3

Back 87

Ascending colon

Front 88

#3

Back 88

Ascending colon

Front 89

#4

Back 89

Haustra

Front 90

#5

Back 90

Descending colon

Front 91

#6

Back 91

Taenia coli

Front 92

#7

Back 92

Splenic flexure

Note: Left side, near spleen

Front 93

#8

Back 93

Gastroduodenal a.

Front 94

#1

Back 94

Left gastric a.

Front 95

#2

Back 95

Pancreas

Front 96

#3

Back 96

Pancreatic duct

Front 97

#4

Back 97

Major duodenal papillae

Front 98

#5

Back 98

Duodenum (of small intestine)

Front 99

#1

Back 99

Transverse colon

Front 100

#2

Back 100

Jejunum

Front 101

#3

Back 101

Ileocecal valve

Front 102

#4

Back 102

Cecum

Front 103

#5

Back 103

Ileum

Front 104

#6

Back 104

Sigmoid colon

Front 105

#7

Back 105

Vermiform appendix

Front 106

#8

Back 106

Rectum

Front 107

#9

Back 107

Anal canal

Front 108

#1

Back 108

Vestibule

Front 109

#2

Back 109

Uvula

Note: Comes after soft palate

Front 110

Identify this digestive structure.

Back 110

Taste buds

Front 111

#6

Back 111

Proper hepatic a.