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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What cranial nerve(s) are responsible for smell, taste, sight, hearing and balance?
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smell - olfactory 1
taste - facial/glossopharyngeal 7,9 sight - optic 2 hearing and balance - vestibular/cochlear nerve 8 |
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Another name for scala media, what does it contain?
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cochlear duct, endolymph
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Where and what is the canal of schlemm? what problems occur if it malfunctions?
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scleral venous sinus
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What can be defined as the anterior chamber of the eye? What does it contain?
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in front of iris (lens)
contains aqueous humor |
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What can be defined as the posterior chamber of the eye? What does it contain?
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between lens & retina
vitreous humor |
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What is outer tunic, what is it composed of?
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fibrous -> dense fibrous connective tissue
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Where and what do the lacrimal glands do, what are there secretions?
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in lacrimal apparatus
cleans, lubricates releases saline (tears) |
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Where is endolymph/perilymph?
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endolympth - membranious labyrinth
perilymph - bony labyrinth |
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Where are the rods found on the retina, what is their function?
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dim light vision
neural -> photoreceptor |
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Where are the cones found on the retina, what is their function?
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bright light vision and color
neural -> photoreceptor |
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What structures are responsible for static equilibrium?
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utrical & saccral
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Where and what is the organ of corti, how does it function?
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w/in the basilar membrane
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What will cause the lens to thicken?
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ciliary muscles contract, light bends more
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What will cause the lens to get thinner?
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light doesn't bend as much, ciliary muscles relax
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What colors of wavelengths of light is the retina sensitive to?
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blue, green and red
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How does one get nightblindness?
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vitamin A deficiency
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What is sensory adaption?
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change in responsiveness of sensory system
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What is derivative of vitamin A that has a role in vision? What is its role?
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carotene, pigment
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What molecules make rhodopsin?
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opsin-protein
retinol-vitamin A |
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What causes the excitation of the rods to send an impulse?
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GMP (guanosine monophospate)
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What happens to rhodopsin during dark adaption?
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opsin has to link to retinal to form rhodopsin (takes longer)
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What happens to rhodopsin during light adaption?
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splits
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What are the types of papillae on the tongue?
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filiform - front area NO taste buds
Vallate - V shaped, back of tongue Fungiform - scattered |
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Which papillae have gustatory cells, where are they located on the tongue?
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vallate- back of tongue
fungiform- scattered |
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How many primary taste sensations are there, where on the tongue are they found?
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sweet- anterior tip
salty- tip bitter- back sour- mid sides |
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What hormones and glands would be affected if removal of the anterior pituitary?
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releasing and inhibiting
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What hormones and glands would be affected if removal of the posterior pituitary?
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oxytocin and ADH
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What hormone is responsible for edema?
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aldosterone
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What area of the gland is responsible for the fight or flight response?
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direct sympathetic control -> medulla
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What is the "second messenger" that is involved in hormonal action?
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cyclic AMP
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How are the hormones of the thyroid made active, how are they transported, what controls their secretion?
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Thyroid hormones are synthesized by attaching iodine atoms to amino acid tyrosine
transported by protein |
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What structures of the eye are avascular?
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cornea
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Where do high frequencies stimulate the basilar membrane, low frequencies?
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higher- quick, not as far
low- further away |
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What is the function of the choroid coat?
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lines the internal surface of schlera and provides nutrients
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What produces the oil in tears?
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tarsal gland (meibomia)
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What is the oval window attached to?
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stapes
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What are the three layer of neurons in the retina, which form the optic nerve?
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photoreceptor, bipolar, ganglion
ganglion takes action potential to optic nerve |
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Where is photopsin found?
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photopigment in cones
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