Ap History Chapter 8 Vocab

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John Paul Jones

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The first well known naval fighter in the Revolutionary War

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Jefferson’s stance on slavery

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Jefferson urged the representatives to prepare legislation outlawing slavery

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Louisiana Government Bill

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Bill giving Louisiana a transitional government consisting entirely of appointed officials

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Oliver Hazard Perry

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Served the U.S. navy in the War of 1812 and destroyed a British fleet at Put-in-Bay.

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William Henry Harrison

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Governor of the Indiana territory and general who became a national hero after leading American troops to victory at the battle of Tippecanoe

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Francis Scott Key

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Writer of "The Star-Spangled Banner"

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Chesapeake Incident

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When the captain of The Chesapeake, an American warship, refused to submit to a search for deserters, a British warship, The Leopard, open fired killing three men and wounding eighteen.

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War Hawks

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Republicans who called for resistance against Britain, for any course that would promise to achieve respect for the United States and security for its republican institutions.

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Hartford Convention

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In 1814 a group of New England politicians gathered in Hartford to discuss relations of people of their region and the federal government

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Tecumseh

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rejected classification as a Shawnee and may have been the first native leader to identify himself self-consciously as "Indian."

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Louisiana Purchase

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territory in the western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million; extends from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains and from the Gulf of Mexico to Canada

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Lewis and Clark Expedition

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an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States; led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark; traveled from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River from 1803 to 1806

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Barbary States (Barbary War)

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were two wars between the United States of America and the Barbary States of North Africa in the early 19th century.At issue was the Barbary pirates' demand of tribute from American merchant vessels in the Mediterranean Sea. American naval power attacked the pirate cities and extracted concessions of fair passage from their rulers.

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Marbury v. Madison

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s a landmark case in United States law. It formed the basis for the exercise of judicial review in the United States under Article III of the Constitution

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Judicial Review

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review by a court of law of actions of a government official or entity or of some other legally appointed person or body or the review by an appellate court of the decision of a trial court

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Fletcher vs Peck

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as a landmark United States Supreme Court decision. The first case in which the Supreme Court ruled a state law unconstitutional, the decision also helped create a growing precedent for the sanctity of legal contracts, and hinted that Native Americans did not hold title to their own lands (an idea fully realized in Johnson v. M'Intosh).

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Jeffersonian Republicanism

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a political philosophy supporting a federal government with greatly constrained powers and advocating a strict interpretation of the U.S. Constitution. Jeffersonian philosophy also called for state and local governments to safeguard the rights and property of citizens. Jeffersonians recognized both private and common property.

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John Randolph

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was an English scholar, teacher, and cleric who rose to become Bishop of London.He was born Much Hadham, Hertfordshire, the son of Thomas Randolph, President of Corpus Christi College, Oxford and educated at Westminster School and Christ Church, Oxford.He was awarded BA in 1771, MA in 1774 and BD in 1782.

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Aaron Burr

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United States politician who served as vice president under Jefferson; he mortally wounded his political rival Alexander Hamilton in a duel and fled south (1756-1836)

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Non-Intercourse Act

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In the last four days of President Thomas Jefferson's presidency, the United States Congress replaced the Embargo Act of 1807 with the almost unenforceable Non-Intercourse Act of March 1809. This Act lifted all embargoes on American shipping except for those bound for British or French ports

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Orders in Council

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Britain's trade regulations on France in the early 1800s that forbade neutral commerce with the Continent and threatened seizure of any ship that violated these orders

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Jefferson’s presidential goals

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restore the principles of the American Revolution
cut national debt (considered Hamilton's programs harmful)
Diminish activities of federal government
substantial cuts in national budget
military reductions

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Berlin and Milan Decrees

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Closed all continental ports to British trade. Neutral vessels carrying British goods were liable to seizure

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The Quids

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various factions of the American Democratic-Republican Party during the period 1804–1812

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War Hawks

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War Hawk - is a term originally used to describe members of the Twelfth Congress of the United States who advocated waging war against the British

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john Calhoun

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leading politician and political theorist from South Carolina during the first half of the 19th century

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Macon’s Bill Number Two

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Bill that said that as soon as either England or France repealed restrictions upon neutral shipping, the U.S. would halt all commerce with the other

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Embargo Act

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Law passed by Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson in 1807. This law stopped all trade between America and any other country.

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Andrew Jackson

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National war hero for destroying the entire British force in the Battle of New Orleans in the war of 1812

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John Quincy Adams

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Member of Massachusetts senate that broke with the Federalist party

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Peaceable Coercion

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Jefferson's idea of not trading with enemies

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Status of the Slave Trade

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Outlawed in 1808

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Daniel Boone

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Western frontiersman and folk hero

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Battle of Horseshoe Bend

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Jackson's troops defeat Creek Indians

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Albert Gallatin

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Jefferson's secretary of treasury

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Treaty of Ghent

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Ended war of 1812, while not actually solving the problem

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Timothy Pickering

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Diehard Federalist, Adams' secretary of state who consulted with Hamilton behind his back

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John Marshall

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Supreme court judge, ruled in case of Marbury v. Madison

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Election of 1800

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Jefferson elected president