Ap History Ch 17

Front 1

Great Plains

Back 1

Treeless, nearly flat, an endless "sea of grassy hillocks" extending from the Mississippi River to the Rocky Mountains

Front 2

"Crowd nobody"

Back 2

Greeley's propaganda phrase to convince New Yorkers to move west and have all the land they need

Front 3

"Indian country"

Back 3

American west used by the government to push all the Indians into reserves

Front 4

Chivington Massacre

Back 4

Chief Black Kettle took his 700 tribesmen to Colorado to surrender. Colonel John M. Chivington and his men massacred them in their sleep

Front 5

Red Cloud

Back 5

The Sioux chief that massacred Fetterman and his men

Front 6

Fetterman massacre

Back 6

Red Cloud lured Captain William J. Fetterman and his 82 men into the wilderness and killed them all

Front 7

Buffalo Soldiers

Back 7

2000 African American cavalrymen that got their name from the Cheyenne Indians

Front 8

Red River War

Back 8

War from 1874-1875 where the US Military crushed the Kiowa and Comanche Indians

Front 9

Sitting Bull

Back 9

Sioux Medicine Man in the Sioux War of 1877

Front 10

Crazy Horse

Back 10

A Sioux chief that led his people to the battle of Little Big Horn

Front 11

George Armstrong Custer

Back 11

Lieutenant in the US Army, responsible for the death of his men when attacked by 2500 Sioux warriors

Front 12

7th Cavalry

Back 12

Chased down the fleeing Ghost Dancers led by Big Foot in the Wounded Knee Massacre

Front 13

Nez Perce Tribe

Back 13

Attempted to flee to Canada, fought the military until they ran out of supplies, and were sent to Oklahoma

Front 14

Chief Joseph

Back 14

Sioux chief who led his people on a 75 day flight from the US army towards Canada

Front 15

Wovoka

Back 15

The Sioux paiute messiah who spoke of the Ghost Dances

Front 16

Ghost Dance

Back 16

A set of dances and rites created by Wovoka to eliminate the white people and bring back the Indians

Front 17

Wounded Knee Massacre

Back 17

200 Sioux were gunned down by the US military with new machine guns

Front 18

Assimilation

Back 18

Education, land policy, and federal laws to eradicate tribal society

Front 19

Court of Indian Offences

Back 19

A government entity to deal with Indians who broke the laws set for them

Front 20

Dawes Severalty Act

Back 20

1887, each head of house gets 160 acres, single adults 80 acres, and children 40 acres

Front 21

Extermination of the Buffalo

Back 21

With the transcontinental railway, people could easily kill buffalo to get at the Indians. "Kill every buffalo you can, every buffalo dead is an Indian gone."

Front 22

Buffalo Bill Cody

Back 22

A professional hunter who set out to kill buffalo

Front 23

Gold Rush of 1849

Back 23

The beginning of the movement west to California over the Overland Trail

Front 24

Overland Trail

Back 24

The main path to California and Oregon from the east during the Gold Rush of 1849

Front 25

Homestead Act of 1862

Back 25

Gave 160 acres to anyone willing to pay $10 and pledge to cultivate the land for 5 years

Front 26

Timber Culture Act of 1873

Back 26

Additional 160 acres to anyone willing to plant trees on a quarter of it

Front 27

Timber and Stone Act of 1878

Back 27

160 acres of "unfit for cultivation" in California, Nevada, Oregon, and Washington for $2.50

Front 28

National Reclamation Act

Back 28

Set aside money to irrigate arid western states

Front 29

"Hydraulic" Society

Back 29

Western cities whose farms survive only on irrigation

Front 30

Romualdo Pacheco

Back 30

Californian Governor and later, Congressman

Front 31

Las Gorras Blancas

Back 31

Secret Society to attack invasive ranchers near Las Vegas

Front 32

"Instant Cities"

Back 32

Cities where there was great mining, foresting, or farming potential. People flooded in and made it an instant city.

Front 33

Placer Mining

Back 33

Surface mining for the average man on rivers.

Front 34

Comstock Lode

Back 34

Black ore in Nevada that was a combination of gold and silver and was worth $3876 a ton.

Front 35

Chinese Exclusion Act

Back 35

1882 suspended immigration of Chinese for 10 years

Front 36

Foreign Miners Tax

Back 36

1850 California forced immigrant miners to have a monthly $20 licensing fee

Front 37

Vaqueros

Back 37

Mexican cowboys who developed techniques of branding, roundups, and roping

Front 38

Wyoming Stock Growers Association

Back 38

Group of cattle ranchers who took trail law and enforced it as formal law in Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska, Montana, and the Dakotas

Front 39

Exodusters

Back 39

Freed slaves who fled west for freedom and opportunity

Front 40

Dry Farming

Back 40

Methods of farming to keep plants growing with little rainfall

Front 41

National Grange

Back 41

Founded in 1867 by Oliver H. Kelley, it provided social, cultural, and educational activities for its farmer members

Front 42

Turners Thesis

Back 42

Frederick Jackson Turner's portrayal of the west. He spoke of it's importance to America's expansion