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100 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The British economist John Maynard Keynes became famous during the depression of the 1930s because he
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A: argued that if private investment funds were idle, government funds must be employed to encourage economic activity and to increase purchasing power
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During the interwar years, Britiain struggled with an economic depression because of all of the following except
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C: A chronic depression in British agriculture
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In 1922, when it displaced the Liberals as the official opposition party, the British Labour Party
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D: Committed itself to a gradualist, democratic socialist program
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The National government headed by Labour Party leader Ramsay MacDonald coped with the depression by
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C:retrenchment, budget balancing, and low-interest loans to business
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The bitter 1926 general strike of British coal miners and other workds ended in
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D: failure and even a setback for the trade unions, which were put under stricter control
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Following a small but savage war against the British in 1919-1920, the Irish Free State became in 1922
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B: dominion within the British Commonwealth
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According to the 1931 Statute of Westminster, Britain redefined the status of the "dominions" i.e., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, within the Empire so that
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B: They became legally equal with each other and with Britain
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Durin the 1920s in France
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C: a large scale reconstruction program to repair wartime devastation was undertaken and industrial production rose
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In France during riots in February 1934
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C: A mob of fascist tendency threatened to storm the Chamber of Deputies and battled with police
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The Popular Front was
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C:a political coalition of the moderate and extreme left designed to stop fascism
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The French Popular Front was overthrown because of discontent over all of the following issues, except
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D: Right wing riots in Paris
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The future Fascist dictator, Benito Mussolini
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D: all of the above
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The October 1922 "March of Rome" was
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B: the convergence on Rome by groups of Blackshirts, while Mussolini remained in Milan
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Mussolini became prime minister of Italy in November 1922
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C: After the old cabinet resigned and the king named Mussolini premier
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Mussolini and the Fascists came into power in 1922 for all of the following reasons except
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D: a big victory in the 1920s election
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The British economist John Maynard Keynes became famous during the depression of the 1930s because he
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A: argued that if private investment funds were idle, government funds must be employed to encourage economic activity and to increase purchasing power
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During the interwar years, Britiain struggled with an economic depression because of all of the following except
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C: A chronic depression in British agriculture
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In 1922, when it displaced the Liberals as the official opposition party, the British Labour Party
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D: Committed itself to a gradualist, democratic socialist program
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The National government headed by Labour Party leader Ramsay MacDonald coped with the depression by
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C:retrenchment, budget balancing, and low-interest loans to business
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The bitter 1926 general strike of British coal miners and other workds ended in
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D: failure and even a setback for the trade unions, which were put under stricter control
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Following a small but savage war against the British in 1919-1920, the Irish Free State became in 1922
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B: dominion within the British Commonwealth
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According to the 1931 Statute of Westminster, Britain redefined the status of the "dominions" i.e., Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa, within the Empire so that
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B: They became legally equal with each other and with Britain
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Durin the 1920s in France
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C: a large scale reconstruction program to repair wartime devastation was undertaken and industrial production rose
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In France during riots in February 1934
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C: A mob of fascist tendency threatened to storm the Chamber of Deputies and battled with police
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The Popular Front was
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C:a political coalition of the moderate and extreme left designed to stop fascism
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The French Popular Front was overthrown because of discontent over all of the following issues, except
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D: Right wing riots in Paris
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The future Fascist dictator, Benito Mussolini
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D: all of the above
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The October 1922 "March of Rome" was
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B: the convergence on Rome by groups of Blackshirts, while Mussolini remained in Milan
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Mussolini became prime minister of Italy in November 1922
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C: After the old cabinet resigned and the king named Mussolini premier
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Mussolini and the Fascists came into power in 1922 for all of the following reasons except
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D: a big victory in the 1920s election
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All of the following are examples of the postwar advance of political democracy except
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B: French and Italian women received the right to vote in 1922
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Which of the following best characterizes economic conditiions immediately after WWI
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C: Both victors and vanquished suffered a sharp economic depression
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During the 1920s the chief exception (aside from Russia) to democratic rule in Europe was
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B: Italy
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In eastern Europe the middle class was small except in
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A: Austria and Bohemia
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The greatest of the reforms in eastern Europe was the reform of landownership, but it had least success in
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C: Poland and Hungary
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Eastern European land reform didn't solve basic economic problems
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A: Since peasant owners lacked capital and knowledge of the market
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Once the kaiser fled in November 1918, the leadership of Germany and of the new Republic was mainly in the hands of
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B: The Social Democrats
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One reason the German Revolution of 1918 failed to take a radical turn like the Bolshecik Revolution of October 1917 was because
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A: the Social Democrats who took power were revistionist Marxists and essentially conservative
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In Jan. 1919, who attempted to overthrow the German government and unleash a left-wing revolution?
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B: the Spartacists
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All of the following were true of the Weimar Republic except
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D: the steel and coal industries were nationalized
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The ruinous inflation in Germany which took place at the time of the French occupation of the Ruhr in 1923 resulted in
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D: All of the above
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The Dawes Plan of 1924
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A: Reduced German reparations payments
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The wartime Allies insisted on reparations payments from BGermany in order to
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D: All of the above
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As a result of the Locarno treaties of 1925
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A: Germany guaranteed the borders of France and Belgium
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The 1928 Kellogg- Briand treaty strengthened international harmony by committing sixty-five nations
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B: Renounce war as an instrument of national policy
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All of the following contributed to causing the Great Depression of the 1930s except
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D: Germany refused to pay its reparartions triggering several bnk failures and contributing to the 1929 stock market crash
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The Great Depression brought
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A: a strong movement toward economic nationalism
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All of the following contributed to causing the Great Depression of the 1930s except
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D: Germany refused to pay its reparartions triggering several bnk failures and contributing to the 1929 stock market crash
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The Great Depression brought
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A: a strong movement toward economic nationalism
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When the Great Depression struck, Italian Fascism
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B: turned to a vigorous program of public works and to increasing economic self-sufficiency
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By 1939 the few remaining democracies in Europe included all of the following except
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B: Spain and Portugal
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"Nazi Party" is an abbreviation for
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D: The National Socialist German Workers' Party
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Hitler rose to national prominence after the failure of the "beer hall Putsch" of 1923 because
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D: all of the above
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By the end of the 1920s the Nazi party had
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B: Lost its appeal and lost members
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In July 1932 the Nazis won their greatest victory in a completely free election thus
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C: making the Nazis the largest party in Germany
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Hitler came to power in 1933 for all of the following reasons except
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D: Terrible inflation developed in the 1930s when the government tried to finance public works through deficit spending
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In 1933 the burning of the Reichstag, the building that housed the German parliament was significant because
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B: Hitler blamed it on the communitsts, frightening the population just before critical elections
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In Germany's last relatively free elections in March 1933 the Nazi party won
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C: less than a majority of the vote
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During the 1930s, Hitler's economic policy in Germany was
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B: to increase government controls over industry while leaving ownership in private hands
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All of the following contributed to causing the Great Depression of the 1930s except
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D: Germany refused to pay its reparartions triggering several bnk failures and contributing to the 1929 stock market crash
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The Great Depression brought
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A: a strong movement toward economic nationalism
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All of the following contributed to causing the Great Depression of the 1930s except
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D: Germany refused to pay its reparartions triggering several bnk failures and contributing to the 1929 stock market crash
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The Great Depression brought
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A: a strong movement toward economic nationalism
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Nazi Germany, as well as Fascist Italy, set up the economic goal of autarky which meant
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C: Self-sufficiency: absolute independence from foreign trade
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The 20th century system of totalitarianism implies all of the following except
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D: the denial of the importance of the nation
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One example of how totalitarinism differs from simple dictatorship is
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A: a dictator eg Napoleon might engage in negative censorship but a totalitatian ruler would focus on the more positive goal of trying to manufacture the thought of his countr's inhabitants
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Napoleon used the peace interim, 1802-1803 to advance his interest by
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C: both a and b
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In the German speaking states many who had first warmed to the French Revolution but had been disillusioned began to hail_________as the protector of Germans and the hope of the future
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A: Alexander I
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Since the resumpution in 1803 Napoleon had been making preparations to invade
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A: Great Britain
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The Holy Roman Empire was finally, formally and irrevocably dissolved in 1806 when Napoleon
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D: all of the above
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Napoleon replaced the HRE with the
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B: Confederation of the Rhine
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Bent on subduring the British,even after the French naval disaster at Trafalgar, Napoleon used his political control of the Continent to
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D: both b and c
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Talleyrand, Napoleon's foreign minister acted as a traitor in his relations with Alexander I
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D: all of the above
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Clemens von Metternich who conducted in Austria after its defeat in 1809 by Napoleon believed that ______ was the really permanent problem for a state situated in the Danube valley
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B: the Russian tsar
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territorially, Napoleon's influence enjoyed its farthest reach in 1810 and 1811 when it comprehended the entire European mainland except
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B: the Balkan penninsula
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Napoleon considered himself a great reformer and man of the Enlightenment. As such he believed in constitutions because he
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C: wanted government to be rationally "constituted"
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Napoleonic reforms were used as weapons of war. All the dependent states were required by Napoleon to supply him with
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D: both a and c
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Napoleon had to conciliate the Polish landlords because
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B: They were the only effective ruling class in Poland
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Napoleonic reforms in Europe
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D: all of the above
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With all Europe at war after 1803, virtually the only trading neutral was
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C: the United States
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Eastern Europe was especially hard hit by the Continental System because
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D: all of the above
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Nationalism developed as a movement of resistance against the forcible_______ of the Napoleonic Empire
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B: internationalism
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The most momentous national movement during the Napoleonic era took place in
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B: Germany
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Germans became fascinated by the idea of political unity and national greatness because
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A: the had neither
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In the eyes of German nationalists ________ had a moral advantage because of all the German states it was the least compromised by collaboration with the French; it therefore became the center of a/an _______ movement for national freedom
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C: Prussian,all-German
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In 1811, Napoleon could be overthrown only by the destruction of his army. To this end all eyes turned to
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A: Alexander I
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Napoleon resolved to crush the tsar when Russia formally withdrew from the ___ on December 31,1810
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C: Continental System
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Of the 611,000 who entered Russia in June 1812 with Napoleon __ died of battle casualties,starvation, and exposure and 100,000 _____
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D:400,000, were taken prisoner
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Metternich preferred to keep Napoleon or his son as French emperor after clearing the French out of central Europe for a Bonapart dynasty in a reduced France would be
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B: dependent of Austria
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British Foreign Minister Viscount Castlereagh agreed with Metternich in fearing
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A: the domination of Europe by Russia
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The "first" Treaty of Paris, signed May 30,1814
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D: both a and c
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The Congress of Vienna
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D: all of the above
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The episode following Napoleon's retire frp, Elba, which renewed the dread of revolution, war and agression is called
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C: the 100 days
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One of the reasons that the French Revolution was so significant was that unlike the revolutions of Russia and China in the 20th century
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A: occured in what was in many ways the most advance country of its day
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The Old Regime of pre-1789 Europe consisted of 3 "estates"
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B: the clergy, the nobility, and everyone else
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One reason for middle class resentment of the French aristocracy was that
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B: the middle class felt shut out of many government offices and honors
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In France the noble owner of a manor retained certain rights from the feudal age including
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D: all of the above
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In France, on the eve of the revolution, land was
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D: about 40% peasant-owned
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The major factor in the financial collapse of the French government on the eve of the revolution was
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C: war costs
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A major reason the French national debt could not be carried was
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B: tax exemptions and tax evasion
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