Ap Govt Chapter 10

Front 1

Incumbent

Back 1

the person already holding an elective office

Front 2

Coattails

Back 2

the alleged tendency of candidates to win more votes in an election because of the presence at the top of the ticket of a better-known candidate, such as the president

Front 3

PAC

Back 3

a committee set up by a corporation, labor union, or interest group that raises and spends campaign money from voluntary donations

Front 4

Malapportionment

Back 4

drawing the boundaries of legislative districts so the they are unequal in population

Front 5

Gerrymandering

Back 5

drawing the boundaries of legislative districts in bizarre or unusual shapes to favor one party

Front 6

Sophomore surge

Back 6

an increase in the votes congressional candidates usually get when they first run for reelection

Front 7

Position issues

Back 7

an issue about which the public is divided and rival candidates are political parties adopt different policy positions

Front 8

Valence issue

Back 8

an issue about which the public is united and rival candidates or political parties adopt similar positions in hopes that each will be though to best represent those widely shared beliefs

Front 9

General election

Back 9

an election held to choose which candidate will hold office

Front 10

Primary election

Back 10

an election held to choose candidates for office

Front 11

Closed primary

Back 11

a primary election in which voting is limited to already registered party members

Front 12

Open primary

Back 12

a primary election in which voters may choose in which party to vote as they enter the polling place

Front 13

Blanket primary

Back 13

a primary election in which each voter may vote for candidates from both parties

Front 14

Runoff primary

Back 14

a second primary election held when no candidate wins a majority of the votes in the first primary

Front 15

Independent expenditures

Back 15

spending by PACs, corporations, or labor unions that is done to help a party or candidate but is done independently of them

Front 16

Soft money

Back 16

funds obtained by political parties that are spent on party activities, such as get-out-the-vote drives, but not on behalf of a specific candidate

Front 17

527 organizations

Back 17

organizations that, under section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code, raise and spend money to advance causes

Front 18

Prospective voting

Back 18

voting for a candidate because you favor his or her ideas for handling issues

Front 19

Retrospective voting

Back 19

voting for a candidate because you like his or her past actions in office