Ap Govsupreme Court Civil Rights

Front 1

Marbury v. Madison

Back 1

Established the power of Judicial Review so that the Supreme Court could rule the constitutionality of laws and actions.

Front 2

McCulloch v. Maryland

Back 2

States cannot tax federal government; allowed the establishment of the national Bank of US.

Front 3

Gibbons v. Ogden

Back 3

Declared that Congress could control all interstate commerce.

Front 4

Dred Scott v. Sanford

Back 4

Since Dred Scott was a slave, and under the fourth amendment, Sanford was protected from seizure of "property" - Scott remained a slave.

Front 5

Plessy v. Ferguson

Back 5

Allowed public institutions to be "separate but equal"

Front 6

Schenk v. U.S.

Back 6

Upheld the Espionage Act and limited freedoms, when it presents a "clear and present danger"

Front 7

Gitlow v. U.S.

Back 7

Limits freedoms if a person speaks out against government or public welfare.

Front 8

Brown v. Board of Education

Back 8

Huge case. Held that separate but equal principle is unconstitutional, overtuned Plessey.

Front 9

Mapp v. Ohio

Back 9

Decision is that fourth and fourteenth amendment protect people from unlawful searches and seizures.

Front 10

Engle v. Vitale

Back 10

Ruled that people don't have to do a prayer in school and that states cannot force them to.

Front 11

Gideon v. Wainwright

Back 11

Gave the guaranteed right to counsel.

Front 12

Alexander v. Holmes

Back 12

Basically like Brown v. Board of Education but implemented it more, because desegration wasn't working.

Front 13

Miranda v. Arizona

Back 13

Protected defendants from self-incrimination and right to silence.

Front 14

Tinker v. Des Moines

Back 14

Students were punished for wearing armbands to school in protest, but courts ruled against school and upheld freedom of expression.

Front 15

Lemon v. Kurtzman

Back 15

Declared that freedom of religion was required and that no law can promote or inhibit religion or excessively entangle with religion.

Front 16

Swann v. mecklenberg SChools

Back 16

Changing attendance zones and busing students to various schools to create racial balance within the schools is allowed.

Front 17

Roe v. Wade

Back 17

Abortion is legal on basis of 4th and 14th amendment.

Front 18

U.S. v. Nixon

Back 18

Presidential power is not above law, Nixon was denied being above submitting evidence to Supreme Court.

Front 19

Buckley v. Valeo

Back 19

The Court upheld federal limits on campaign contributions and ruled that spending money to influence elections is a form of constitutionally protected free speech.

Front 20

Regents of CA v. Bakke

Back 20

In a close 4/4/1 decision, the Court upheld affirmative action.

Front 21

New Jersey v. T.L.O

Back 21

School officials need "reasonable suspicion" only to search a student if they suspect something wrong going on, this ruling was made to keep the discpline in schools.

Front 22

Hazelwood v. Kuhlemier

Back 22

School (hazel) did not violate student rights by censoring stuff in newspaper therefore establishing that schools can censor things if they fund it.

Front 23

Texas v. Johnson

Back 23

The SC supported the individual, Johnson saying that his act of flag desecration was an act of political free speech and expression.

Front 24

Shaw v. Reno

Back 24

Redistricting based on race must be held to a standard of strict scrutiny under the equal protection clause while bodies doing redistricting must be conscious of race to the extent that they must insure compliance with the Voting Rights Act.

Front 25

U.S. v. Lopez

Back 25

Possession of a gun near a school is not an economic activity that has a substantial effect on interstate commerce. A law prohibiting guns near schools is a criminal statute that does not relate to commerce or any sort of economic activity.

Front 26

Printz v. U.S.

Back 26

The Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act's interim provision commanding the "chief law enforcement officer" (CLEO) of each local jurisdiction to conduct background checks, ...is unconstitutional.