Ap Government Vocab From Ch. 7-9 Of American Government

Front 1

How people think or feel about particular things.

Back 1

public opinion

Front 2

A survey of public opinion.

Back 2

poll

Front 3

Method of selecting from a population in which each person has an equal probability of being selected.

Back 3

random sample

Front 4

The difference between the results of random samples taken at the same time.

Back 4

sampling error

Front 5

Polls based on interviews conducted on Election Day with randomly selected voters.

Back 5

exit polls

Front 6

Process by which background traits influence one's political views.

Back 6

political socialization

Front 7

People who have a disproportionate amount of some valued resource.

Back 7

elite

Front 8

Difference in political views between men and women.

Back 8

gender gap

Front 9

A more or less consistent set of beliefs about what policies government ought to pursue.

Back 9

political ideology

Front 10

Persons with a disproportionate share of political power.

Back 10

political elites

Front 11

A standard of right or proper conduct.

Back 11

norm

Front 12

Citizens who are eligible to vote after reaching the minimum age requirement.

Back 12

voting-age population

Front 13

People who are registered to vote.

Back 13

registered voters

Front 14

A requirement that citizens show that they can read before registering to vote.

Back 14

literacy test

Front 15

A requirement that citizens pay a tax in order to register to vote.

Back 15

poll tax

Front 16

A clause in registration laws allowing people who do not meet registration requirements to vote if they or their ancestors had voted before 1867.

Back 16

grandfather clause

Front 17

The practice of keeping blacks from voting in the southern states' primaries through arbitrary use of registration requirements and intimidation.

Back 17

white primary

Front 18

A government-printed ballot of uniform dimensions to be cast in secret that many states adopted around 1890 to reduce voting fraud associated with party-printed ballots cast in public.

Back 18

Australian ballot

Front 19

People who tend to participate in all forms of politics.

Back 19

activists

Front 20

A group that seeks to elect candidates to public office.

Back 20

political party

Front 21

Republican party faction of the 1890s to the 1910s, composed of reformers who opposed patronage

Back 21

mugwumps

Front 22

Periods when a major, lasting shift occurs in the popular coalition supporting one or both parties.

Back 22

realignment period

Front 23

Voting for candidates of different parties for various offices in the same election.

Back 23

split ticket

Front 24

Voting for candidates who are all of the same party.

Back 24

straight ticket

Front 25

A ballot listing all candidates of a given office under the name of that office; also called a "Massachusetts" ballot.

Back 25

office-bloc ballot

Front 26

A ballot listing all candidates of a given party together under the name of that party; also called an "Indiana" ballot.

Back 26

party-column ballot

Front 27

A meeting of party delegates held every four years.

Back 27

national convention

Front 28

Delegates who run party affairs between national conventions.

Back 28

national committee

Front 29

A party committee in Congress that provides funds to members and would-be members.

Back 29

congressional campaign committee

Front 30

Day-to-day party manager elected by the national committee.

Back 30

national chairman

Front 31

Party leaders and elected officials who become delegates to the national convention without having to run in primaries or caucuses.

Back 31

superdelegates

Front 32

A party organization that recruits members by dispensing patronage.

Back 32

political machine

Front 33

A party that values principled stands on issues above all else.

Back 33

ideological party

Front 34

The social rewards (sense of pleasure, status, or companionship) that lead people to join political organizations.

Back 34

solidary incentives

Front 35

A local or state political party that is largely supported by another organization in the community.

Back 35

sponsored party

Front 36

The political support provided to a candidate on the basis of personal popularity and networks.

Back 36

personal following

Front 37

An electoral system with two dominant parties that compete in national elections.

Back 37

two-party system

Front 38

An electoral system in which the winner is the person who gets the most votes, even if he or she does not receive a majority; used in almost all American elections.

Back 38

plurality system

Front 39

A meeting of party members to select delegates backing one or another primary candidate.

Back 39

caucus