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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Bill of Rights Basic Freedoms
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-freedom of religion
-freedom of speech and press |
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Civil Liberties
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Individual freedoms and rights guaranteed to every citizen (protection against government)
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Civil Rights
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positive acts of government, protections against group discrimination
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Incorporation (of the Bill of Rights
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extending the Due Process Clause of the Bill of Rights to the states in a case by case process.
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The Establishment Clause
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wall of seperation between church and state
free exercise no national religion government can have no involvement with religion at all |
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Engle v. Vitale
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prayer in public school ruled unconstitutional
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Lemon v Kurtzman
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state aid to church schools must:
have clear, secular, non-religious purpose may not advance or support religion must pass "lemon test" |
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Free Exercise Clause
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disallows any laws prohibiting the free exercise of religion. right can be restricted if the practice violates a law that protects the morals of the community
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Defamatory Speech
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speech that damages another person's character.
public figures exception court allows some defamatory speech of public figures- to allow criticism of government officials. |
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slander
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false and malicious use of the spoken word
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libel
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false and malicious use of the written word
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Seditious Speech
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speech that urges restraint to lawful authority or advocates the overthrow of government.
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Clear and Present Danger
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Conflict between free expression and public safety
shouting "fire" in a crowded movie theatre |
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MPAA
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Motion Picture Assosication of America
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FCC
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Federal Communications Commission
in charge of censoring |
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T.L.O. v New Jersey
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4th Amendment's prohibition on unreasonable sources and seizures aplies to searches conducted by public school officials. Students are exempt from the 4th Amendment within school settings.
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Roe vs. Wade
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established woman's right to obtain an abortion
privacy issue |
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Tinker v. DeMoines
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student speech
school officials have the authority to discipline students for lewd or indecent speech |
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Schneck v U.S.
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conflict between free expression and public safety
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Miller v California
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obscene materials=no first amendment protections
indecent=adults only |
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Sheppard v Maxwell
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conflict between 1st and 6th amendment
press activities are regulated so not to influence jury |
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Gideon v Wainwright
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leads to court appointed lawyers (6th am.)
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Escobedo v Illinoi
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accused have a right to counsel and to remain silent
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Miranda v Arizona
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someone who is accused has to be notified their rights
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Mapp v Ohio
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exceptions to warrant requirements are established
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