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24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Political Party

An organised group of people with at least roughly similar political aims and opinions, that seeks to influence public policy by getting its candidates elected to public office.

Open Primary

A primary election in which voters are not required to declare party affiliation.

Closed Primary

A primary election in which voters are required to declare party affiliation.

Caucus

A meeting of the members of a legislative body who are members of a particular political party, to select candidates or decide policy.

Third Parties

A political party organized as an alternative to the major parties in a two-party system.

Linkage Institution

A structure within a society that connects the people to the government or centralized authority. These institutions include: elections, political parties, interest groups, and the media.

Coalition

An alliance for combined action, especially a temporary alliance of political parties forming a government or of states.

Ticket Splitting

When a voter in an election votes for candidates from different political parties when multiple offices are being decided by a single election.

Party Machine

The internal organization of a political party, which decides its policies and directsits activities

Independent

A voter describing themself as neither a Democrat, Republican, or any other party.

Interest Group

An organized group that tries to influence the government to adopt certain policies or measures.

Lobbyist

Someone hired by a business or a cause to persuade legislators to support that business or cause. Lobbyists get paid to win favor from politicians. For example, oil companies send lobbyists to Washington to try to make life easier for oil companies.

Free-Rider Problem

A market failure that occurs when people take advantage of being able to use a common resource, or collective good, without paying for it, as is the case when citizens of a country utilize public goods without paying their fair share in taxes.

Amicus Curiae Brief

A person or group who is not a party to a lawsuit, but has a strong interest in the matter, will petition the court for permission to submit a brief in the action with the intent of influencing the court's decision.

Class Action Lawsuit

Charges advanced in a court by one or more plaintiffs on behalf of a large group of others who have a common interest.

Single Issue Group

Groups that have a narrow interest, tend to dislike compromise, and often draw membership from people new to politics. These features distinguish them from traditional interest groups.

Labor Union

An organized association of workers, often in a trade or profession, formed to protect and further their rights and interests.

Sound Bites

A short extract from a recorded interview, chosen for its pungency or appropriateness. A brief, memorable comment that can easily be fit into news broadcasts

Trial Balloons

Intentional news leak for the purpose of assessing the political reaction.

Press Conference

An interview given to journalists by a prominent person in order to make an announcement or answer questions.

Mass Media

Any of the means of communication, as television or newspapers, that reach very large numbers of people.

Media Event

A media event, also known as a pseudo-event, is an event or activity that exists for the sole purpose of media publicity.

PACs

A group formed to raise and contribute money to the campaigns of candidates likely to advance the group's interests. PACs can contribute up to $5,000 per election to federal candidates. So called 'super' PACs can raised unlimited amounts of money.

Citizens United v Federal Election Commission

Supreme Court case that decided that the part of the McCain-Feingold campaign finance reform law that prevents corporations and labor unions from spending money on advertisements independent of political candidates or parties is unconstitutional.