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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Federalism |
A system of government characterized by a constitutional sharing of power between the national government and regional units of government |
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Unitary system of government |
A centralized system of government such as France where most of the important policy decisions are made by a central government |
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Dual federalism |
The concept-accepted until 1937-of the federal government and the state says competing power centers with the Supreme Court as referee |
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Cooperative federalism |
A view that the various levels of government in America are related parts of a single governmental system characterized by cooperation and shared functions |
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Creative federalism |
A term coined by President Lyndon B Johnson to describe his own view of the relationship between Washington and the states |
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New federalism |
President Nixon's effort to return federal tax money to states and local governments. The term was also adopted by President Reagan |
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Unfunded mandates |
Federal laws that require States to meet certain standards but often provide no money to help the states comply. The practice was restricted by law passed in 1995 |
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Enumerated powers |
Powers of the government that are specifically granted to the three branches of federal government under the Constitution |
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Implied powers |
Powers of the national government that flow from its enumerated powers and the elastic clause of the Constitution |
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Inherent powers |
Powers of the national government that the national government may exercise simply because it exists as a government. Ex:right to conduct foreign affairs |
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Concurrent powers |
Powers of the government exercised independently by both of federal and state governments such as the power to tax |
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McCullough vs Maryland |
An important decision of the Supreme Court in 1819 that established the key concept of implied powers: such as broad construction of the Constitution and supremacy of the national government |
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Full Faith and Credit |
A clause in the fourth article of the Constitution require in each state to respect the laws records and court decisions of another state |
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Interstate compacts |
Agreements between or among states made with the approval of Congress |
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The Reagan Revolution |
Reductions in federal spending such as in social welfare food programs and financial aid programs |
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Peace dividend |
The funds allocated to national defense that might be spent on domestic needs because of the end of the Cold War |
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Senatorial courtesy |
And unwritten custom by which individual senators who belong to the same political party of the president exercise and formal veto power over presidential appointments and their state |
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Categorical grants |
Federal grants to states and local communities earmarked for specific purposes, such as pollution control schools are hospitals. also known as grants-in-aid |
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Block grants |
Federal grants to states and local communities that are for general use in a broad area such as community development |
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General purpose grants |
Federal aid that states and localities may use mostly as a wish |
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Matching requirements |
The federal government's requirement that state and local government put up some of their own funds in order to be eligible for federal aid for a program |
