Ap Euro Unit 5: Chapters 20-22

Front 1

What major event determined if one were a liberal, republican, or conservative in Europe in the 19th century?

Back 1

French Revolution

Front 2

Members of the bourgeoisie were most likely to follow which ideology?

Back 2

liberalism

Front 3

A vote by the legislature to compensate emigres who lost property sparked a revolution in 1830 in what country?

Back 3

France

Front 4

What country is credited with saving the Belgian independence movement?

Back 4

Poland

Front 5

This country came to the aid of the Greeks as they struggled for independence in the 1820s.

Back 5

Russia

Front 6

From 1815 to 1850 this country's policy was characterized by a refusal to be constrained by alliances on the continent.

Back 6

Great Britain

Front 7

Industrialization in this industry led to the first factories.

Back 7

textile

Front 8

The repeal of the Corn Laws in Britain in 1846 was a concession to this group.

Back 8

bourgeois industrialists

Front 9

This was the first event where socialists played an important role in European politics.

Back 9

Revolution of 1848 in France

Front 10

The majority of nationalists in the 19th century would have also been considered ___________.

Back 10

conservatives

Front 11

This act in Great Britain increased the number of eligible voters.

Back 11

Reform Act of 1832

Front 12

This was the first act passed in Great Britain that addressed the issue of child labor by limiting their working hours.

Back 12

Factory Act of 1833

Front 13

The putting-out and factory systems both shared this characteristic.

Back 13

production of textile-based finished goods

Front 14

This was the only country in Europe to suffer a declining population in the 19th century.

Back 14

Ireland

Front 15

The "Eastern Question" refers to what to do with the declining __________ Empire.

Back 15

Ottomon

Front 16

The election in this country in 1848 was the first in Europe to be based on universal male suffrage.

Back 16

France

Front 17

In the 19th century, nationalism most often contributed to this.

Back 17

Separatist tendencies that weakened multi-ethnic states

Front 18

This 19th century British group protested the Industrial Revolution by smashing machines.

Back 18

Luddites

Front 19

The Concert of Europe was shattered as a result of this event.

Back 19

Franco-Prussian War

Front 20

Belgium gained its independence in 1830 from this country.

Back 20

The Netherlands

Front 21

Nicholas I crushing all opposition to him and ruling like a despot was a direct result of this event in 1825.

Back 21

Decembrist Revolt

Front 22

Proponents of this ideology believed different peoples had distinct historical missions.

Back 22

Nationalism

Front 23

The creation of this group became the basis for political unification in Germany.

Back 23

Zollverein

Front 24

This group demanded universal male suffrage and political representation in Parliament for the working class.

Back 24

Charists

Front 25

He was the 19th century political figure most closely identified with the concept of the "concert of Europe."

Back 25

Metternich

Front 26

It was after the publication of this book by Theodor Herzl that the Zionist Congress proclaimed its aim to create that state in Palestine.

Back 26

The Jewish State

Front 27

nationalism

Back 27

A nation is composed of people who are joined together by the bonds of a common language, as well as common customs, culture, and history, and who, because of these bonds, should be administered by the same government, Ethnic and political boundaries should coincide.

Front 28

liberalism

Back 28

Believed in universal laws of nature; stressed reason over emotion; urban; humans can be understood through natural laws. Conservatives regarded as "liberal" were almost anyone who challenged their own political, social, and religious values.

Front 29

conservatism

Back 29

Justified status quo, defended tradition and hierarchy; believed that humans couldn't believe anything; important people: Burke, de Maistre, de Bonald, Metternich

Pillars: legitimate monarchies, landed aristocrats, and established churches. Theoretical political/religious ideas drawn from works of Edmund Burke and Friedrich Hegal.

Front 30

Klemens von Metternich

Back 30

This was Austria's foreign minister who wanted a balance of power in an international equilibrium of political and military forces that would discourage aggression

Front 31

Carlsbad Decrees

Back 31

dissolved student groups (burchenchaften)

Front 32

Congress System

Back 32

First conference or congress took place in 1818 at Aix-la-Chapelle in Germany, four major powers (Great Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia) agreed to remove their troops from France

Front 33

Spanish Revolution of 1820

Back 33

American Monroe Doctrine prohibited colonization in Americas by Europe

Front 34

Haitia Revolution

Back 34

(1791-1804) sparked by policies of the French Revolution, Africans of slave origins could lead a revolt against white masters and mulatto freeman, in 1793 France abolished slavery in Haiti.

Front 35

Toussaint L'Overture

Back 35

Former slave, emerged as the leader of revolt in Haiti.

Front 36

Simon Bolivar

Back 36

Organized juntas in Carcas and Venezuela, advocate of independence and republicanism, joined his army with San Martin's and together liberated Ecuador.

Front 37

Tsar Alexander I

Back 37

suppressed liberalism and nationalism; secret societies for reformists

Front 38

Tsar Nicholas I

Back 38

codified Russia law in 1833

Front 39

Charles X (France)

Back 39

Ultraroyalist, brother of Louis XVIII, compromise with liberals, captured North Africa

Front 40

Louise Philippe

Back 40

"Bourgeoisie King", thought proletariat would unite and take over the bourgeoisie and create a classless society, July monarchy, liberal constitutional monarchy

Front 41

Great Reform Bill of 1832 (Britain)

Back 41

Expanded the size of the English electorate, increased number of voters by 200,000

Front 42

Chartism

Back 42

political reform program causing economic plight

Front 43

Utopian Socialists

Back 43

believed in a perfect and equal world

Front 44

Anarchism

Back 44

against any government

Front 45

Marxism

Back 45

communism; everyone is exactly the same in equality

Front 46

Karl Marx

Back 46

Founder of modern communism, thought proletariat would unite and take over the bourgeoisie and create a classless society; Marxism

Front 47

The Communist Manifesto

Back 47

By Friedrich Engels, considered "bible" for communism, militant blueprint for socialist working class success

Front 48

Revolutions of 1848 (France, Austria, Italy, Germany)

Back 48

unified Italy and Germany, France and Austria had to change due to new powerful states

Front 49

Louis Napolean Bonapart, aka Napolean III

Back 49

went into war with Prussia; dealt with Paris Commune

Front 50

Frankfurt Parliament

Back 50

1st freely elected Parliament for all of Germany

Front 51

Magyars

Back 51

Hungarians, joined Austrians and became Austria-Hungary