Ap Euro Chap 12

Front 1

Great Famine

Back 1

when poor harvests and one in four were likely to be poor led to scarcity and starvation.

Front 2

black death

Back 2

the bubonic plague was devastating to all of Europe lasting about 3 years and killing close to 40 million people.

Front 3

buba

Back 3

The growth the size of a nut or an apple in the armpit, in the groin, or on the neck. This was the boil or bubo that gave the disease its name because of the agonizing pain it caused its host.

Front 4

flagellants

Back 4

a radical religious group who whipped and scourged themselves as penance for their and society’s sins, in the belief that the Black Death was God’s punishment for humanity’s wickedness.

Front 5

representative assemblies

Back 5

basically representative assemblies were the beginning of parliament was it would be developed between 1250-1450.

Front 6

nationalism

Back 6

The feeling of unity and identity that binds together a people.

Front 7

schism

Back 7

the schism weakened the religious faith of many Christians and gave rise to instability and religious excesses.

Front 8

conciliarists

Back 8

conciliarists believed that reform of the church could best be achieved through periodic assemblies, or general councils, representing all the Christian people.

Front 9

merchet

Back 9

fine to the lord for a woman’s marriage- since he stood to lose a worker.

Front 10

Banns

Back 10

public announcements that the couple planned to marry, to allow for objections to the union.

Front 11

peasant revolt

Back 11

Peasant revolt- Peasant revolts were generally caused by social and economic problems. The uprisings were very common and provided most of the evidence of peasants’ long suffering and exploitation.

Front 12

Jaquerie

Back 12

In 1358, when French taxation for the Hundred Years’ War fell heavily on the poor, the frustrations of the French peasantry exploded in a massive uprising called the Jaquerie.

Front 13

Racism

Back 13

based on blood descent characterized the attitudes of colonists toward native peoples.

Front 14

Dalimil Chronicle

Back 14

- a survey of Bohemian history pervaded with Czech hostility toward Germans.

Front 15

statute of Kilkenny

Back 15

The most extensive attempt to prevent intermarriage and protect racial purity is embodied in Ireland’s Statute of Kilkenny.

Front 16

Pasteurella pestis

Back 16

The bacillus that causes the plague. The bacillus liked to live in the bloodstream of an animal or, ideally, in the stomach of a flea

Front 17

fur-collar crime

Back 17

Fur-collar criminals were terrorists, when accused of wrongdoing, fur-collar criminals intimidated witnesses. They threatened jurors. They used “pull” or cash to bribe judges.

Front 18

venacular literature

Back 18

Would replace Latin as the main language by printing things in the peoples language so they could then read them more easily.

Front 19

Statue of Laborers

Back 19

an attempt by the English Parliament to freeze the wages of English workers at pre-1347 levels

Front 20

Hundred years war

Back 20

the Hundred Years’ War was fought between1337-1453 it was fought over who should be the real king of France. It was fought between Edward III and Philip VI.

Front 21

Robin Hood

Back 21

was some what of a hero to the peasants he symbolized the deep resentment of aristocratic corruption and abuse

Front 22

Marsiglio of padua

Back 22

He put forth the revolutionary ideas that the church had no inherent jurisdiction and should own no property.

Front 23

Battle of Crecy

Back 23

this is the battle were the English long bowman devastated French crossbowman with their long bows launching them into enemy lines with no sure target .

Front 24

Battle of agincourt

Back 24

were the English king Henry V gained the field over vastly superior numbers.

Front 25

martin V

Back 25

Martin V proceeded to dissolve the council. Nothing was done about reform

Front 26

Joan of Arc

Back 26

Joan of Arc was originally a peasant, whose vision and work revived French fortunes and led to victory.

Front 27

Babylonian Captivity

Back 27

the period of seventy years were the Hebrews were held captive in Mesopotamian Babylon.

Front 28

Margaret Paston

Back 28

was married to John Paston who worked in London most of the time leaving Margaret to take care of the family property hiring workers collecting rents ordering supplies for the large household hearing complaints and settling disputes among tenants and marketing the crops that was a lot of work for a women in the fifteenth century.

Front 29

lollards

Back 29

John Wyclifs’ followers. Lollards means mumblers of prayers and psalms.

Front 30

Edward III

Back 30

was a large part of the Hundred Years’ war. He was the one that said he should be the king of France due to some historic blood line.

Front 31

Christine de Pisan

Back 31

One of the most versatile and prolific French writer of the later middle ages. She was a only parent taking care of three children and her mother to support. Relied on writing for work.

Front 32

marriage

Back 32

was a lot different then it is know back then you would be paired with someone not chosen by yourself she would be very young and the man would be a little older this was so the male could develop some land and money.

Front 33

Nationalism

Back 33

was in a way the way we think of racism now because it wasn’t the color of the skin that would cause people to discriminate against you it was your blood line where you came from.

Front 34

house of commons

Back 34

made up of knights and burgesses they had frequent assemblies founded to help make money for the war.

Front 35

john hus

Back 35

He was burned at the stake- he was a german priest and he was a teacher of John wyclif’s ideas.

Front 36

john wyclif

Back 36

wrote that papal claims of temporal power had no foundation in the scriptures and that the scriptures alone should be the standard for Christian belief and practice

Front 37

what were the causes of the population decline that began in the early fourteenth century

Back 37

There was the black death that killed 40 million people and then there was also the hundred years war were alot more people were killed

Front 38

what was the geographic source of the bubonic plague and why did it spread so rapidly in Europe

Back 38

Crimea S.W. Russia and what made the plague spread so rapidly was the improvements in Italian shipping

Front 39

what impact did the plague have on wages and the demand for labor what happened to land values

Back 39

during the plague the wages droped because the crops were all dyeing and the demand for labor was down since there were no crops. the value of land also went down

Front 40

describe the psychological effects of the plague. How did people explain this disaster

Back 40

the psychological effects of the plague were that flagellants, discarding of funerals, quarantine. Decay of learning leads to new collages. Decline of cultural cohesion-schisms of catholic church. people couldnt explain the disaster they thought that it could have been a earth quake that released gasses into the air of god punishing them

Front 41

what were the immediate and other causes of the Hundred Years War

Back 41

the immediate cause of the hundred year war was that King Edward the III said he was King of France but the King of France King Phillip VI

Front 42

why did the people support their kings in war

Back 42

because that was the loyal thing to do and if you won the war your life would improve with the winnings of the war.

Front 43

what were the results of the hundred years war. Who were the winners and losers in both countries

Back 43

In the end the English came out on top defeating the french and laying waste to their land

Front 44

How did the Babylonian captivity greatly weaken the power and prestige of the church

Back 44

it weakened the church because It will lead to the great schism were there will be a total of three popes at once tearing down the church

Front 45

Why were there three popes in 1409. what were they and how did the situation occur

Back 45

because Urban was voted pope and then excomunicated and wouldnt leave then Clement the VII is elected and finally Martin V is elected by the conciliar movement

Front 46

what as conciliar movement and who were its advocates. was this a revolutionary idea

Back 46

the conciliar movement was created to find a new pope was revolutionary because it said the church shouldnt own property and that the pope shouldnt have power

Front 47

why was jan hus considered a reformer

Back 47

he was considered a reformer because he disputed papal authority, denounced abuses, and approved utraquism, the reception of the Eucharist under both species, bread and wine

Front 48

what was fur collar crime and why did it become a central feature of European life int he fourteenth and fifteenth centuries explain

Back 48

fur collar crime was pretty much if you got arrested you made threats bribed judges and blamed it on other people.

Front 49

what were the reasons for the french jaquerie of 1358 and the english peasants revolt of 1381

Back 49

the french jaquerie was caused by french taxation for the hundred years war fell heavily on the poor the frustrations of the french peasantry exploded in a massive uprising called the jaquerie

Front 50

what was the relationship between England and Ireland in the thirteenth century

Back 50

The English considered the Irish to be unfree and have to follow all of England laws and it couldn't make up its own

Front 51

what role did vernacular literature play in increase of literacy among laypeople

Back 51

vernacular literature allowed people to read things in their own language causing the literacy rate to shoot skyword