Ap Euro (Absolutism And Rulers) 1600's

Front 1

1609

Back 1

12 Years' Truce
(Phillip II against Dutch)

Front 2

1624

Back 2

Pettition of Right
"Habeus Corpus"
no forced loans
no raised taxes
no new laws by king
no billeting (soldiers taking over homes)

Front 3

Habeus Corpus

Back 3

people cannot be tried without an unbiased person to decide if the punishment is valid.

Front 4

1643

Back 4

Louis XIV becomes king.

Front 5

1670

Back 5

Treaty of Dover
France and England against Dutch.
Secret: France financially supporting English re-Catholization.

Front 6

1672

Back 6

Louis begins wars
most against Netherlands

Front 7

1688

Back 7

Glorious Revolution
England forcibly removes James II from the throne and puts William III and Mary on it.

Front 8

1689

Back 8

Bill of Rights
stating that William of Orange and Mary are destined to rule.
a constitution.

Front 9

1714

Back 9

Peace of Utrecht
end of the war of Spanish Succession.

Front 10

Constitution

Back 10

A document that states how a government should operate and normally is keeping from absolutist gov.

Front 11

Hidalgo

Back 11

Spanish nobility.
lesser nobles/students/involved in Church.

Front 12

Ursuline Sisters

Back 12

Started schools for girls.
women religious groups.
like female Jesuits.

Front 13

Plebians

Back 13

Middle Class of England
1/2 students at oxford

Front 14

Bourbon

Back 14

French dynasty - began with Henry III (of Nevaa)

Front 15

Sun King
Le Roi du Soleil

Back 15

Louis XIV

Front 16

L'eant, c'est moi

Back 16

"the state is myself" ~ Louis XIV

Front 17

Bishop Boussuet

Back 17

Theocracy - King received power from God.
Kingdom under one God.
French

Front 18

Franche comte

Back 18

Burgandy conquered by Louis XIV in treaty of Nimwegen.

Front 19

Treaty of Nimwegen

Back 19

Ended the Dutch Wars of 1672

Front 20

Universal Monarcy

Back 20

what everyone feared
one monarch over everyone
Cause of 30 years' war and War of Span. Succession.

Front 21

"Un roi, Un loi, Un foi"

Back 21

"one king, one land, one faith" ~ Richelieu's motto and later Louis XIV's

Front 22

Versailles

Back 22

Louis XIV's palace where nobles stayed to keep power centralized.
cult of personality/gambling

Front 23

Revocation of the Edict of Nantes

Back 23

Louis XIV 1685 - seeking religious unity revokes the rights of the Huguenots

Front 24

Fronde

Back 24

Civil war for rights of Parlements and nobles against mainly Cardinal Mazarin. (French)

Front 25

Cardinal Mazarin

Back 25

Governed whle Louis XIV was a boy.
Fought the Fronde.

Front 26

Intendants

Back 26

Members of councils of the state and supervised laws, recruitment into the army and taxes and reported to the king.
Made by Richelieu

Front 27

war of Devolution

Back 27

Against Hapsburg spain for Spanish Netherlands.
Led to Franco-Dutch war because Louis XIV felt cheated by the Dutch.

Front 28

Dutch War

Back 28

Louis invaded Dutch lands (1672), but was later forced to sign the treaty of Nimwegen by William III

Front 29

war of the League of Augsburg

Back 29

William III and Leopold I (HRE) formed Grand ALliance against France.

Front 30

Peace of Ryswick

Back 30

Ended the war with the League of Augsburg. Lands were given out and William III finally recognized Louis XIV as King.

Front 31

Charles II of Spain

Back 31

Exorcised and Inbred
had no son (probably impotent)
left throne to Louis XIV's grandson.
War of Spanish Succession

Front 32

"the Pyrenees exist no longer"

Back 32

Bourbons ruled France and Spain - one big empire?

Front 33

William of orange

Back 33

Standholder in Holand, King od england, formed Grand ALliance in 1701.

Front 34

Duke of Marlborough

Back 34

leader of Allied forces in the war of succession.
escorted James II out of England before the Glorious revolution in 1688.

Front 35

Phillip V of Spain

Back 35

Bourbon, LOuis XIV's grandson.
Spanish King after war of Succession

Front 36

Prince Eugene of Savory

Back 36

Leader of Austria during the War of Spanish Succession
military genious
refused in France as a general but welcomed in Austria.
(really a Frenchman)

Front 37

Dutch Barrier

Back 37

Chain of Islands allong Amsterdam inlet
English ships hid during English-Dutch wars.

Front 38

Estates General of the united Provinces

Back 38

Dutch republic - Bourgeoisie "high and mightinessess" representitives had no say and were forced to vote how their provinces had dictated

Front 39

Bank of Amsterdam

Back 39

Gov. guarenteed safetey of money.
minted their own coins
all coins accepted for real value.
loans and checking accounts.

Front 40

House of Orange

Back 40

Standholders of Duch Rep. since William the Silent

Front 41

William III (in England)

Back 41

Married to Mary Stuart
Calvinist
Hatted Louis XIV
gained power in England in Bill of Rights (1689) which gave him the throne as the husband of Mary.

Front 42

English-Dutch wars

Back 42

3 wars - England took over new Amsterdam (now New York)

Front 43

hereditary Standholder

Back 43

1673-76 provinces voted to make standholder only in the house of Orange.

Front 44

Hugo Grotius

Back 44

"Law of War and Peace" on International Law

Front 45

Baruch Spinoza

Back 45

Jewish Portugese Philosopher
"god only exists as far as we beleive"

Front 46

Christian Huyghens

Back 46

Phisics and Math in the Dutch Rep.
Discovered Saturn's rings, telescope, and that light is a wave.

Front 47

James VI of Scotland

Back 47

James I in England

Front 48

"the True Law of Free Monarchy"

Back 48

written by James I
Kings had divine right and free from laws and customs and churches.

Front 49

Tunnage and Poundage

Back 49

tax according to quantity and not value.

Front 50

Milenary Petition

Back 50

1604 - Anglicans with puritan sympathies got rid of the hierarchy and the catholic leftovers in the Church of England, but James I refused it and it was the beginning of his disagreements with Parliament

Front 51

Archbishop Laud

Back 51

beleived in religious Conformity

Front 52

ship money case

Back 52

Charles II wanted navy in peacetime and taxed England without the Consent of Parliament

Front 53

Long Parliament

Back 53

1640-1660 when Charles I put down scot rebellion and needed money. he dissolved the parliament but they were re-elected and blackmailed him for rights to give him money.

Front 54

Solmn league and Covenant

Back 54

Passed by Parliament
Presbyterians to be the legal religion of the UK

Front 55

roundheads

Back 55

Soldiers of Cromwell

Front 56

Pride's Purge

Back 56

colonel Pride, under Cromwell's command, took every Parliament member who was opposed to the execution of Charles I out of Parliament and left only those in favor.

Front 57

Rump

Back 57

Parliament after Pride's Purge

Front 58

Fifth Monarchy Men

Back 58

conspirasy
Thought the Apocolyspe was coming

Front 59

Charles II of England

Back 59

England
Puritan with catholic Leanings
Treaty of Dover 1670 where he allied against Dutch and agreed to re Catholicazise England

Front 60

Test Act

Back 60

Excluded Catholics from almsot everything state or Education related in England.

Front 61

Whigs

Back 61

Against King in England
Came up with Exclusion Act

Front 62

Tories

Back 62

For King in England
Voted against Exclusion Act

Front 63

Tiral of the Seven Bishops

Back 63

7 bishops refused to endorse religious (Mainly Catholic) toleration under Charles II.
Prosecuted but aquitted by jury.

Front 64

Battle of the boyne

Back 64

1690 - William III and army beat France and ireland - England still Anglican

Front 65

United Kingdom of Great Britan

Back 65

England, Scotland, Northern Ireland

Front 66

Act of Sttlement of 1701

Back 66

no catholic King in England
Excluded "Pretenders" (decendants of James II)

Front 67

Toleration Act

Back 67

1689 - dissenters could practice their religion - still no rights.

Front 68

Penal Code for Ireland

Back 68

on Irish Catholics
weakened ireland
No rights (education, occupation, land, etc.)

Front 69

Phillip II

Back 69

spanish King
El escorial
Dutch Revolt and SPanish Armada
Catholic Hapsburg

Front 70

Union of Utrecht

Back 70

1579 - 17 Calvinist Provinces of the Dutch Republic.

Front 71

Reasons for the spanish Armada

Back 71

Privateers(english Pirates)
Anglican England (not Cath.)
Bloody Marry was married to Phillip II
England helped Dutch against SPain.

Front 72

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre

Back 72

1572 - Catharine de Medici
Colgoy(huguenot leader) was shot coming to wedding in France. fearing a revolt, Catharine acted first, killing first in Paris and then spredding.

Front 73

Henry of Nevaa

Back 73

Calvinist Burbon
ended being best king of France
Ended war of 3 henries
Throne transfered from Valois to Burbon

Front 74

Guise

Back 74

other royal famliy
Henry of Guise assassinated

Front 75

Valois

Back 75

first ruling family of France
Henry III (valois) also assassinated.

Front 76

Ferdinand II

Back 76

seeking religioius uniformity in HRE.
Catholic League founder.
centralizing gov.
30 years' war.

Front 77

Frederich of Palatine

Back 77

Calvinist leader
centralized power in Bohemia
Defeated at the Battle of white Mountain

Front 78

Christian IV

Back 78

Danish king extedning control along the Baltic

Front 79

Wallenstine

Back 79

Catholic League Leader
Just following orders

Front 80

Edict of restitution

Back 80

Centralized power/spread Catholicism
took territory from Protestants.

Front 81

Richelieu

Back 81

French Cardinal Against Hapsburgs in 30 years' war because afraid of Absolute Monarcy. took power form nobles in france - took manors and even exectuted some. mercantilist. spy network and created Intendants and Ammended the Edict of Nantes.

Front 82

Battle of Rochelle

Back 82

Battle where Huguenots were defeated in France, led by Cardinal Richelieu

Front 83

Gentry

Back 83

English Class
all nobles gentry but not all gentry nobles.
more of a flexible class.

Front 84

Oliver Comwell

Back 84

New Model Army
Military Leader - Paid soldiers
ended as a dictator although in favor of a democracy.

Front 85

Cavalirs

Back 85

soldiers loyal to King in England

Front 86

Maria-Theresa

Back 86

Daughter of Charles VI - Austrian Monarch
was next ruling power.

Front 87

Pragmatic Sanction of Austria

Back 87

1713 - Asked everyone to accept maria-theresa as the queen of austria and allow her to rule.

Front 88

Capitulations

Back 88

paying of the hapsburgs to get electors to vote for them.
gave up powers and liberties.

Front 89

Prussia

Back 89

centered in Brandenburg

Front 90

Hohensollern

Back 90

Prussian ruling dynasty

Front 91

Frederich Wilhelm "the Great Elector"

Back 91

Lutheran and tolerant of Catholics and Protestants Welcomed other religions after Louis expelled them Built up standing army. Mercantilism Became absolutist Expanded power and consolidated

Front 92

Frederich III (Frederich I, King "in" Prussia)

Back 92

Elector of Brandenburg King “in” Prussia (given by HRE)Aided the HRE (Leopold I) against Louis XIV in War of Spanish Succession – was allowed “King in Prussia”Religious tolerance

Front 93

Frederich Wilhelm "the Soldier King"

Back 93

VERY FRUGAL and VERY MILITARY Built up military and was mercantilistTreated eldest son, next king, very harshly

Front 94

Frederich II "the Great"

Back 94

Loved music and art and debatably gayAfter the death of Charles IV, ignored Pragmatic Sanction and attacked Austria to take land. Although many joined forces against him, he succeeded because of great military skill from his father. Toleration to improve econ Abolished torture

Front 95

Ivan the Great

Back 95

First Czar
Expelled Mongols from the country.

Front 96

Boyars

Back 96

Nobles of Russia

Front 97

Ivan the Terrible

Back 97

Died with no successor
Russian Time of Troubles

Front 98

Zenski Sobar

Back 98

Boyar assembly
Vote on next Czar
1613 - Romanovs voted into power

Front 99

Micheal Romanov

Back 99

first Romanov
1613 - accepted after others refused.
Romanov Czars ruled 1613-1917

Front 100

Orthodox Church

Back 100

reformed and insulted many people
Russia

Front 101

Old beleivers

Back 101

Small branch of Russian Orthodox Church.
were insulted by changes

Front 102

1589

Back 102

Patriarch elected in Moscow
Moscow now third Rome

Front 103

st Petersberg

Back 103

Expansion
Naval port = Better econ
model of new western Russia
50,000 serfs died building and filling swamp

Front 104

Kiev

Back 104

1667 - expansion

Front 105

Axov

Back 105

1698- Expansion
Russia

Front 106

Capitation

Back 106

Life tax on everyone in Russia

Front 107

Dvorianie

Back 107

nobility based on who is serving in state - not based on birhright.
Trustworthy people - state service

Front 108

Table of Ranks

Back 108

good working = higher rank
Russia

Front 109

Gubernii

Back 109

10 territorial Governments chosen by Peter
"Senate"

Front 110

Synod

Back 110

religious control - Peter appointed head.
Alexis (Peter's son) allied with old Beleivers against father and was tortured to death.

Front 111

Alexis

Back 111

Peter the Great's son.

Front 112

1572

Back 112

St Bartholomew's day massacre

Front 113

Matthias

Back 113

HRE forced to give protestants rights in the "letter of Majesty"

Front 114

Protestant Union

Back 114

All against HRE in 1608

Front 115

battle of white mountain

Back 115

1620 when Ferdinand II beat Frederich V.

Front 116

Frederich V

Back 116

Elector of Palatine
was voted to Bohemian throne and defeated at white mountain.
represented Protestants in bohemian phase.

Front 117

gustavus Adolphus

Back 117

King od Sweeden and a protestant leader in the 30 years' war. - sweedish phase.

Front 118

Lutzen

Back 118

Battle at which gustavus Adolphus was killed.

Front 119

German Liberties

Back 119

states for liberties in HRE
supported by French for uncentralized power.

Front 120

1618

Back 120

Defenestration of Prague when 2 officials for the HRE were thrown out of a window for violating the Letter of Majesty and sparked the 30 years' war.

Front 121

1648

Back 121

Peace of Westphalia
Ending the 30 Years' War
Burbons were new power
Calvinist rights.

Front 122

Sansusi

Back 122

Frederich the Great's palace.