Ap English Poetry Terms Ii

Front 1

mixed metaphor

Back 1

the mingling of one metaphor with another immediately following with which the first is incongruous

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narrative poem

Back 2

a non-dramatic poem which tells a story or presents a narrative, whether simple or complex, long or short. Epics and ballads are examples of these.

Front 3

octave

Back 3

an eight-line stanza. Most commonly, the first division of an Italian sonnet.

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onomatopoeia

Back 4

the use of words whose sound suggests their meaning

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oxymoron

Back 5

a form of paradox that combines a pair of contrary terms into a single expression. This combination usually serves the purpose of shocking the reader into awareness.

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paradox

Back 6

a situation or action or feeling that appears to be contradictory but on inspection turns out to be true or at least to make sense

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parallelism

Back 7

a similar grammatical structure within a line or lines of poetry. It is characteristic of Asian poetry, being notably present in the Pslams, and it seems to be the controlling principle of the poetry of Walt Whitman.

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paraphrase

Back 8

a restatement of an idea in such a way as to retain that meaning while changing the diction and form. It is often an amplification of the original for the purpose of clarity.

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personification

Back 9

a kind of metaphor that gives inanimate objects or abstract ideas human characteristics

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poetic foot

Back 10

a group of syllables in verse usually consisting of one accented syllable and one or two unaccented syllables associated with it. (iambic, trochaic, anapestic, dactylic, pyrrhic, spondaic)

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pun

Back 11

a play on words that are identical or similar in sound but have sharply diverse meanings. They can have serious as well as humorous uses.

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quatrain

Back 12

a four-line stanza with any combination of rhymes

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refrain

Back 13

a group of words forming a phrase or sentence and consisting of one or more lines repeated at intervals in a poem, usually at the end of a stanza

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rhyme

Back 14

close similarity or identity of sound between accented syllables occupying corresponding positions in two or more lines of verse. For a true ______, the vowels in the accented syllables must be preceded by different consonants

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rhyme royal

Back 15

a seven-line stanza of iambic pentameter rhymed ababbcc, used by Chaucer and other medieval poets

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rhythm

Back 16

the recurrence of stressed and unstressed syllables. The presence of rhythmic patterns lends both pleasure and heightened emotional response to the listener or reader

Front 17

sarcasm

Back 17

a type of irony in which a person appears to be praising something but is actually insulting it. Its purpose is to injure or to hurt.

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satire

Back 18

writing that seeks to arouse a reader's disapproval of an object by ridicule. It is usually comedy that exposes errors with an eye to correct vice and folly

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scansion

Back 19

a system for describing the meter of a poem by identifying the number and the type(s) of feet per line

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sestet

Back 20

a six-line stanza. Most commonly, the second division of an Italian sonnet

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simile

Back 21

a directly expressed comparison; a figure of speech comparing two objects, usually with "like", "as", or "than".

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sonnet

Back 22

normally a fourteen-line iambic pentameter poem. The conventional Italian is rhymed abba abba cde cde; the English is rhymed abab cdcd efef gg.

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stanza

Back 23

usually a repeated grouping of three or more lines with the same meter and rhyme scheme

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strategy (or rhetorical strategy)

Back 24

the management of language for a specific effect

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structure

Back 25

the arrangement of materials within a work; the relationship of the parts of a work to the whole; the logical division of a work. The most common units are the line and stanza.

Front 26

style

Back 26

the mode of expression in language; the characteristic manner of expression of an author. If a question calls for it, you can discuss diction, syntax, figurative language, imagery, selection of detail, sound effects, and tone.

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symbol

Back 27

something that is simultaneously itself and a sign of something else

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synecdoche

Back 28

a form of metaphor which in mentioning a part signifies the whole

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syntax

Back 29

the ordering of words into patterns or sentences. If a poet shifts words from the usual word order, you know you are dealing with an older style or poetry or a poet who wants to shift emphasis onto a particular word.

Front 30

tercet

Back 30

a stanza of three lines in which each line ends with the same rhyme

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terza rima

Back 31

a three-lined stanza rhymed aba bcb cdc, etc

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theme

Back 32

the main thought expressed by a work. In poetry, it is the abstract concept which is make concrete through its representation in person, action, and image in the work.

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tone

Back 33

the manner in which an author expresses his or her attitude; the intonation of the voice that expresses meaning. It is the result of allusion, diction, figurative language, imagery, irony, symbol, syntax, and style.

Front 34

understatement

Back 34

the opposite of hyperbole. It is a kind of irony that deliberately represents something as being much less than it really is.

Front 35

villanelle

Back 35

a nineteen-line poem divided into five tercets and a final quatrain. It uses only two rhymes and are repeated as follows aba aba aba aba aba abaa