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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is Molarity (M)?
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moles of solute/liters of solution
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What is Mass Percent?
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(mass of solute/mass of solution)*100
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What is Molality(m)
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moles of solute/kilograms of solvent
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What is Mole Fraction (Xa)
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Moles of a/total moles
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Polar solvents dissolve _____ and _____ solutes
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polar and ionic
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nonpolar solvents dissolve ________ solutes
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nonpolar
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What is Heat of Solution? (∆Hsoln)
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heat change associated with the formation of a solution
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A ___________ solute lowers the vapor pressure of a solvent
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nonvolatile
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what does nonvolatile mean?
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does not readily vaporize
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What is Raoult's law and explain its components.
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Psoln = XsolventP0solvent
Psoln: observed vapor pressure of the solution Xsolvent: Mole fraction of the solvent P0solvent: vapor pressure of the pure solvent |
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Changes of state depend on _____ _________
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vapor pressure
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The addition of a _______ to a solution affects the vapor pressure of it.
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solute
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The addition of a solute to a solution also affects the _______ ______ and _________ ______
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Boiling Point and Freezing Point
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What are colligative properties?
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Properties that depend on only the number (not the identity) of the solute particles
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A ____________ solute elevates the boiling point of the solvent
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nonvolatile
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A ____________ solute lowers the vapor pressure
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nonvolatile
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What is the equation for boiling point elevation and explain each part?
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∆T = Kb*m(solute)
∆T = Boiling Point Elevation Kb = molal boiling point elevation constant (characteristic of the solvent) m(solute) = molality of the solute |
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What is the equation for Freezing Point Depression and explain each part?
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∆T = Kf*m(solute)
∆T = Freezing point depression Kf = molal freezing point depression constant (characteristic of the solvent) m(solute) = the molality of the solute |