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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Respiratory System
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The power source for speech production, and considered the "base" of our communicative system.
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Vertebral (Spinal) Column
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Makes up the axis of the human body. It is made up of 32 or 33 bones stacked upon each other vertically.
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intevertebral discs
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cartilaginous discs reside between adjacent vertebrae throughout most of the length of the vertebral column.
located in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine. |
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Framework
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Known as the "bony thorax"
Vertebral or Spinal Column Ribcage Pectoral Girdle Pelvic Girdle Trachia and Bronchial Tree |
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dens or odontoid process
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a special process upon which the atlas rests and rotates; this action allows us to turn our head from side to side.
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Cervical Region
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C1-C7
C1 is known as the atlas. C2 known as the axis. |
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Thoracic Region
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T1 - T12
Vertebrae become larger; unique as they house the articular facets for the ribs. Where the ribs connect. |
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Lumbar Region
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L1 - L5
Much larger than the other vertebrae, and necessary to support the individual's weight. |
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Sacral Region
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Fused. Five vertebrae whose discs have ossified. Shaped like a wedge.
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Coccyx
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Terminal region of vertebral column and consists of three to four fused vertebrae. Resemble a rattlesnake's rattle.
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transverse foramina
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located in the cervical vertebrae; holes that provide a passageway for some nerves and blood vessels as they pass through the neck region.
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Bony Thorax
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Skeletal part of the chest including the thoracic vertebrae, ribs, and sternum.
Encloses most components. |
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Clavicular Notch
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Key landmark on sternum. On the supeiror-lateral surfaces pof the manubrium and are the point of articulation of the sternum with the clavicles.
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Vertebral Foramen
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Forms the area for the spinal cord to live in.
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diaphragm
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Primary muscle of respiration.
This contraction pulls air into the lungs. The lungs cannot inflate on their own, so if the diaphragm is paralyzed you can't breathe. |
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Muscles of Respiration
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Categorized as muscles of inspiration, or expiration.
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Muscles of Inspiration
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Diaphragm, external intercostals, and internal intercostals.
There are eleven pairs of internal and external intercostal muscles. |
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External Intercostal Muscles
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the net action of these muscles is to expand the ribcage by elevating the ribs.
the origin for each external intercostal muscle is the rib immediately above, and the insertion is the rib immediately below. |
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Internal Intercostal Muscles
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May have a dual purpose; they assist in inspiration, but are also thought to assist in forced expiration.
The greater length of these muscles fall along the lateral and posterior wall of the rib cage and LOWER the ribs. |
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Trachea
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Composed of approximately 16 to 20 horseshoe shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.
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Bronchial Tree
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Main Stem (Primary) Bronchus
Lobar (Secondary) Bronchus Segmental (tertiary) Bronchus |
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Terminal Bronchioles
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Give way to the alveolar ducts which open into the air sacs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place at the alveoli pulmoni.
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The Right Bronchus
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Divides into THREE lobar bronchi.
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The Left Bronchus
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Divides into TWO lobar bronchi.
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