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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Main Endocrine glands
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Pituitary gonads
Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Pancreas |
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Stimulates increase in use of amino acids, by bone and muscle.
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Growth Hormone (GH)
inc. in kids=gigantism dec= dwarfism inc. in adults=acromegaly P |
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Decreases concentration of calcium in blood
Ca removed, stored in bones |
Thyrocalcitonin
T |
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Stimulates Development of mammary gland to produce milk
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Prolactin
P |
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Stimulate increase production of melanin
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MSH-melanocyte stimulating hormone
P |
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Signals uterus to contract, inducing labor. Also, stimulates release of milk
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Oxytocin
P |
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Thyroid gland secretes 2 hormones
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1-thyroid hormone
2-thyrocalcitonin T |
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This hormone increases rate of metabolism
Def. in iodine=simple goiter |
Thyroid hormone
T |
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Kids=cretinism
Adults=myxedema-obesity/lethargy |
Hypothyroidism
T |
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Exothalmic goiter-
weight loss as well as irritable behavior |
Hyperthyroidism
T |
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The four parathyroid secrete___
Opposes the effect of thyrocalcitonin removes Ca from bone--> bloodstream |
PTH-parathyroid hormone
PT |
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Tetany
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Deficiency of PTH
muscle weak due to lack of availiable Ca in blood PT |
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Adrenal Cortex secretes the hormones
___&____ |
1-glucocorticoids
2-mineralcorticoids Adrenal |
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Adrenal medulla secretes the hormones___&____
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epinephrine (adrenaline)
norepinephrine (nonadrenaline) Adrenal |
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A mineralcorticoid
Signals tubules in kidneys to reabsorp sodium&eliminate potassium |
Aldosterone
A |
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If NaCl levels are low in blood,
kidney will secrete more____ |
renin
-an enzyme that stimulates formation of angiotensin Adrenal |
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Stimulates Aldosterone secretion
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angiotensin
-more NaCl is reabsorped and enters into the blood Adrenal |
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Oversecretion of glucocorticoids causes___
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Cushing's syndrome
-muscle atrophy -high blood pressure adrenal |
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Deficiency of glucocorticoids causes___
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Addison's disease
-low blood presssure -stress adrenal |
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Contains exocrine and endocrine cells
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Pancreas
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Pancreas endocrine cells(Islets of Langerhans) secrete 2 hormones,____&____
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alpha cells: glucagon
beta cells: insulin P |
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Insulin decreases level of glucose in blood.
Insulin promotes______ |
glycogenesis
glycagon formation P |
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Glucagon prmotes_____
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glycogenolysis
-breakdown of glycogen into glucose to release into bloodz P |
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Pancreas doesn't produce sufficient insulin
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Type 1 diabetes
juvenile diabetes diabetes mellitus P |
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Pancreas produces enough insulin, target cells can't respond to it
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Type II
Pancreas |
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Hormone in males
In family of androgens Hair growth, deep voice |
Testosterone
Gonads |
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Development and uterus and vagina
widening of pelvis |
Estrogen
G |
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In females
stimulates primary and 2ndary characteristics -thickens uterine lining for embryo |
Progesterone
G |
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Secreted from endocrine cells in kidney
Stimulates RBC formation |
hormone:Erythropoietin
RBC formation=Erythropoiesis |
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Secreted from endocrine cells in stomach
Stimulates gastric secretion |
Gastrin
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Secreted from endocrine cells of small intestine
Stimulates secre. from pancreas into small intestine |
Secretin
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Local hormones throughout the body
act close to their site of secretion Range from blood clotting, to effecting inflammation |
Prostaglandins
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What are tropic hormones?
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Affect other endocrine glands
Study Q. |
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"master" of anterior pituitary
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Hypothalmus
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Posterior pituitary isn't really an endocrine gland. What is it?
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Storehouse
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Two hormones that regulate fluid and electrolyte balance of body
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ADH
Aldosterone |
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What causes simple goiter
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Deficiency of iodine
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Most common cause of hypersecretion by endocrine organs
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Tumors
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Define Target organ
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Specific organ that has receptors for that specific hormone
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