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75 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define
Atoms |
tiny building blocks of matter.
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Define
Cells |
smallest units of all living things
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Define
Tissue |
consist of groups of similar cells that have a common function
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Name the 4 tissue groups
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Epithelial
Connective Muscular Neural |
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Define
Organ |
Structure composed of two or more tissue types that perfumes a specific function
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Define
Organ system |
Group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose
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Define
Organism |
When all 11 organs systems are working together they make up the living body or the organism.
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Define
Integumentary System |
Skin
External covering of the body. |
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What does the skin do for the body
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Waterproofs, cushions and protects the deeper tissues from injury.
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What does the skin excrete
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Salts, ura and perspiration
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Skin helps regulate?
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Body temperature
Pressure Pain |
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Skeletal system consist of?
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Bones
Cartilages ligaments joints |
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Define
Hematopoiesis |
Formation of blood cells
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Muscles have only one function.
That is to? |
Contract and shorten
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Nervous system is the fastest acting...?
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Control system
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The nervous system consist of?
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Brain
Spinal Cord Nerves Sensory receptors |
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Endocrines system controls?
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Body Activities
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Endocrine Glands produce?
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Chemical molecules called
Hormones |
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Name the endocrine glands
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Pituitary
thyroid parathyroids adrenals thymus pancreas pineal ovaries & testes |
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Cardiovascular system carries?
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O2, nutrients, hormones, and other substances to tissue
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White blood cells protect us from?
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bacteria, toxins and tumor cells
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Lymphatic system consist of?
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Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes and other lymphoid organs such as the spleen, and tonsils
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Respiratory system consist of?
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Nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
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Digestive tract consist of?
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Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines and rectum
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Urinary system consist of?
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kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra
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Urinary system removes what?
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Notrogen containing waste from the blood in the form of urine
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Responsiveness is also known as?
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Irritability
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Define
Receptor |
Sensor that monitors and responds to changes in the environment
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Define
Control Center |
determines the level (set point) at which a variable is to be maintained.
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Define
Effector |
Provides the means for the control center responses (output) to the stimulus.
Efferent pathway |
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negative feedback mechanisms
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net effect of the response to the stimulus is to shut off the original stimulus or reduce its intensity.
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Positive feedback mechanisms
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Not common in the body - They increase the original disturbance (stimulus) and push the variable farther from it original value.
Eg: blood clotting and child birth |
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Name the 9 regions of the abdomen
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Right hypochondriac,
Left hypochondriac, epigastric, right lumbar, left lumbar, Umbilical, Right iliac, Left iliac, Hypogastric |
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* Consider the following levels.
Chemical, tissue, organ, cellular, organismal, systemic. name the in increasing complexity |
chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, systemic, organismal
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* Which of the following are involved in maintaing homeostasis?
Effector, control center, receptor, feedback, lack of change |
Effector, control center, receptor, feedback
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* Which system regulates the acid base balance of the blood?
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Urinary
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* the passing of blood through the body is part of which body function?
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Movement
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* The simplest level of organization not he structural ladder is the?
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Chemical level
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* metabolism is best described as?
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The sum of the chemical reaction that occur in the body
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* The elements of a physiological control system include?
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Receptor, Effector, Control center
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* A group of cells of the same type form are called?
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tissue
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* Which of the following best illustrates the incasing levels of complexity?
cells, organs, organelles, organism, tissues, organs system |
Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, organsim
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Kinetic Energy
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energy displayed in constant movement.
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What 4 elements make up 96% of the body weight?
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Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen and Nitrogen
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Important Organic Compounds in the body are?
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Carbon Containing compounds
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids |
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Water is known as?
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The Universal Solvent
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The most important monosaccharides in the body are?
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Glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose and deoxyribose
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The most abundant lipids in the body are?
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Triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids
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Triglycerides are known as?
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Neutral fats
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Triglycerides are composed of two types of building blocks?
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Fatty acids and glycerol
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The single most important steroid molecule is?
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Cholesterol
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Building blocks of proteins are?
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Amino acids
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Fibrous proteins (structural Proteins) provide strength in certain body tissue such as?
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Collagen, bones, cartilage and tendons. keratins in hair and nails.
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Enzymes are?
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functional proteins that act as biological catalyst.
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Suffix -ase
refers to? |
an enzyme forming part of the name.
eg: hydrolyses, oxidases |
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Nucleic Acids are?
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The gene that make up the basic blueprint of life. Direct your growth and development by dictating protein structure.
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Nucleotides consist of 3 basic parts...
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Nitrogen-containing base, pentose (5-carbon) sugar, and phosphate group.
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Nucleotides bases come in 5 varieties called?
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(A) Adenine, (G) Guanine, (C) Cytosine, (T) Thymine, (U) Uracil
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* which of the following is or are true concerning the atomic nucleus?
A. contains the mass of atom. B. The negatively charged particles are here. C. Particles can be ejected. D. Contains particles that determine atomic number. E. contains particles that interact with other atoms. |
A, C, D
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* Pick out the correct matches of element and number of valence-shel electrons.
A. Oxygen - 6 B. Chorine - 8 C. Phosphorus - 5 D. Nitrogen - 3 E. Carbon - 4 |
A, C, E
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* Importnat functions of water include which of the following?
A. Provides cushioning B. Acts as a transport medium C. Participates in chemical reactions. D. Acts as a solvent for sugars, salt and other solutes E. Reduces temperature fluctuations |
A,B,C,D,E
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*Alkaline substances include?
A. Gastric juices B. water C. Blood D. Orange juice E. Ammonia |
C, E
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* Glucose is to starch as..
A. a steroid is to a lipid B. a nucleotide is to a nucleic acid C. An amino acid is to a protein D. a polypeptide is to an amino acid |
B,C
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* What lipid type is the foundation of cell membranes?
A. Triglyceride B. Steroid C. Vitamin D D. Phospholipid E. Prostaglandin |
D
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* Absence of which of the following nitrogen containing bases would prevent protein synthesis?
A. Adenine B. Cytosine C. Guanine D. Thymine E. Uracil |
A,B,C,D,E
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* ATP is NOT associated with
A. a basic nucleotide structure B. high energy phosphate bonds C. deoxyribose D. inorganic phosphate E. reversible reactions |
C
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* The element essential for normal thyroid function is
A. Iodine B. Iron C. Copper D. Selenium E. Zinc |
A
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* Energy that is inactive or stored is classified as?
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Potential
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* All forms of energy exhibit which of the following work capacities?
A. Potential and Kinetic B. chemical and Kinetic C. Potential and mechanical D. Radiant and kinetic |
A
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* Matter is found in the following states?
A. Kinetic, potential B. Physical, chemical, plasma B. potential, radial C. solid, gas, liquid |
C
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An isotope is an atom that varies in the number of?
A. electrons B. Protons C. Neutrons D. Photons |
C
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The sum of protons and neutrons contained in the nucleus of an atom is called?
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Atomic Mass Number
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* Which of the following substances is and element?
A. Carbon Dioxide B. Water C. Nitrogen D. Salt |
C
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* which of the following substances is a compound?
A. NaCl B. Mg C. Fe D. H |
A
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* which type of bond is formed when elections are completely transferred from one atom to another?
A. Polar covalent Bond B. Non-polar covalent bond C. Hydrogen Bond D. Ionic Bond |
D
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