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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the four main parts of the brain?
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cerebrum
cerebellum diencephalon brain stem |
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What are the four main parts of the brain?
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cerebrum
cerebellum diencephalon brain stem |
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The 2 hemisphere of the cerebrum are separated by what comissural connection?
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corpus callosum
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The outer layer of the cerebrum contains white or gray matter which has cell bodies?
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gray
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The inner layer of the cerebrum contains white or gray matter with nerve fiber tracts?
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white
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The BBB consists of tight junctions T or F?
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true
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name the 3 cranial meninges in order from outer to inner
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dura
arachnoid pia |
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what is the separation between the cerebral hemispheres?tentorium cerbri, falx cerbri or falx cerebelli
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falx cerebri
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what is the separation between the cerebellar hemispheres?tentorium cerbri, falx cerbri or falx cerebelli
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falx cerebelli
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what is the separation between the cerebrum and the cerebellum? tentorium cerbri, falx cerbri or falx cerebelli
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tentorium cerebri
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the falx cerbri, falx cerebelli and tentorium cerbri are extensions of the dura mater T or F?
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true
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The origin of the CSF is?
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choroid plexus in the 4 ventricles
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CSF carries O2, glucose and other needed chemicals from blood to neurons and neurolgia T or F?
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true
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CSF flows from the lateral ventricals through the interventricular foramina to?
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third ventricle
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CSF flows from the third ventricle to the fourth ventricle through?
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aquaduct
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CSF flows from the 4th ventricle through the lateral & median aperatures where?
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subarachnoid space
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CSF flows from the subarachnoid space to arachnoid villi of dural sinuses T or F?
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true
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CSF flows from the arachnoid villi of the dural sinuses through what to the heart and lungs?
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venous blood
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What structure separates the 2 lateral ventricles?
hint:nasal has one |
septum peduncle
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interventricular foramen connect which ventricles?
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lateral to the third
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the aquaduct connects the third ventricle to?
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4th ventricle
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CSF starts at the lateral choroid plexus T or F?
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true
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the 4th ventricle in the brain stem connects to the?
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central canal of the spinal cord
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Median and lateral aperatures drain CSF into?
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subarachnoid space
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All the CSF is resorbed by the arachnoid villi and return to?
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dural sinuses
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aprox how much CSF is drained per day?
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480 ml
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the brain stem is made up of what 3 parts?
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medulla, pons, and midbrain
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the medulla has nuclei, sensory tracts and motor tracts. T or F?
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true
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the white matter of the medulla has all _______&_______tracts connecting the spinal cord and parts of the brain.
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sensory motor
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decussation of the motor tracts at the pyramids is what?
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crossing of axons right to left or left to right
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the nuclei of the medulla control vital body functions such as?
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respiration & cardiovascular
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other nuclei of the medulla are reflex centers including____,____,&________
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vomiting, swallowing, & deglutation
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nuclei in the medulla include origins for which cranial nerves?
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VIII Vestibularcochlear, IX Glossopharyngeal, X Vagas, XI Accessory, & XII Hypoglossal
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the midbrain includes: cerebral aquaduct, cerebral peduncles, superior & inferior colliculi, substantia nigra nuclei, & red neucei. T or F?
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true
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the cerbral aquaduct of the midbrain connects which 2 ventricles?
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third and fourth
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the path of the motor tracts in the white matter of the midbrain? hint: (bulges)
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cerebral peduncles
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the visual reflex center in the back of the midbrain?
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superior colliculi
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the auditory and movement of the head reflex center in the back of the midbrain?
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inferior colliculi
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which nuclei in the midbrain helps control subconscious muscle movements particularly those having to do with fine adjustment or coordination?
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substantia nigra nuclei
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which nuclei in the midbrain helps control voluntary limb movement?
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red nuclei
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the midbrain has the origins for which cranial nerves?
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III oculomotor & IV trochlear
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the olive and vestibular nuclei of the control____&_____?
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equilibrium & posture
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olive propriocetion is the awareness of position of body parts especially the limbs, independent of vision. T or F?
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true
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The pons is part of the respiratory center which is pneumotaxic and ____?
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apneumotaxic
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the pneumotaxic and apneumotaxic part pons help with what?
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help control breathing
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the nuclei of the pons have the origins for which cranial nerves?
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V trigeminal, VI abducens, VII facial, VIII vestibularcochlear
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what is the netlike formation in the brain stem that is the functional organization?
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reticular formation
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clusters of neuron bodies in the brain stem are?
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reticular fomation
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the which system maintains consciousness, initiates awakening and helps body posture control and muscle tone?
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Reticular Activating System
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the reticular formation has ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) functions. T or F?
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true
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which system activity arouses the cerebral cortex to wake us up?
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Reticular Activating System
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the cerebella hemispheres are connected by what?
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vermis
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the cerebellar nuclei are located in the?
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white matter
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the white matter of the cerebellum is called?
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arbor vitae
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the 3 paired cerebellar peduncles provides links to the _____ ____, ____, &_______ _______.
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brain stem, midbrain, & motor cortex
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what is the primary function of the cerebellum?
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compare the intended motor command with the actual body movement and send corrective signals when needed
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the function of evaluating and fine tuning voluntary movements is the job of which main brain area?
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cerebellum
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which main brain area coordinates skilled movements?
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cerebellum
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which main area of the brain is the primary region for maintaining posture and balance?
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cerebellum
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a lack of corrective feedback iin which the body cannot move smoothly is known as?
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ataxia
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a loss dopamine released to substantia nigra nuclei is associated with what disease?
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Parkinson's
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which main brain part may have a role in cognition and language processing?
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cerebellum
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The deincephalon is composed of gray matter around which ventricle?
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third
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the diencephalon is made up of what 4 parts?
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thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, & pineal gland
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the thalamus is 2 halves separated the which ventricle and connected by what structure?
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third, intermediate mass
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which brain part is known as the "Grand Central" relay center?
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thalamus
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what structure makes up 80% of the diencephalon?
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thalamus
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the relay stations where the sensory input and the motor output go through is?
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thalamus
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in the thalamus all sensory inputs and motor output between the body and the cortexes are relayed by _____through one of 7 pr of nuclei.
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synapses
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the thalamus relates special sensory such as ______, ______&_____ and general sensory routes. (except______.)
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hearing, vision & taste
olfactory |
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the thalamus relates motor (voluntary movements) from the ______ ______.
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motor cortex
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Maintenance of consciousness (connected with reticular formation) is controlled in the_______.
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thalamus
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thalamic actions include: anterior, medial and lateral nuclei involve with the limbic system and are involved with emotions, ______ & ________.
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memory & cognition
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Ventral nucei groups relay inputs from the _____ _______ to motor areas of the cortex. They have a role in voluntary movement.
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basal nucei
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the hypothalamus receives sensory inputs from _____&_____ receptors.
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visceral & somatic
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a major regulator of homeostasis is the__________.
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hypothalamus
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