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48 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Skin is made up 3 layers

Epidermis


Dermis


Subcutaneous layer

Epidermis is made up of 2 layers

Stratum corneum


Stratum germinativum

Subcutaneous layer is also known as

Hypodermis/ loose connective and adipose tissue.

Stratum germinativum

The cells of this layer are continously dividing, producing milions of cells per day. (Mycoptic)

Muscle in dermis

Erector pili. Responsible for goosebumps

Keratin

Is deposited within the cell. The keratin hardens and flatens the cells as they move toward the surface of the skin.

Stratum corneum

Composed of 30 layers of dead skin cells( bathtub ring)

Melanocytes

Secrete a skin-darkening pigment called melanin

Carotene

The yellowish tint of carotene in most persons is hidden by the effects of melanin

Cyanosis

Poorly oxygenated blood causes the skin to look blue

Ecchymosis

Bruises

Bilirubin

The pigment is in the skin, causing it to turn yellow a condition known as jaundice

Accessory structures

Hair, nails, glands

True skin

Dermis

Alopecia

Loss of hair

Nails contain

Very hard form of keratin

Hives

Urticaria

Sebaceous glands

Oil glands, they are associated with hair follicles and are found in all areas of the body that have hair.

Vernix caseosa

Babies are born with a covering that resembles creame cheese.

Sudoriferous glands

Are located in the dermis, they secrete sweat that is secreted into a duct that opens onto the skin as a pore.

Freckels

Is an accumilation of melanin

Modified sweat glands

Mammary glands & ceruminous glands

Ceruminous glands

Are found in the external auditory canal of the ear. They secrete cerumen(earwax)

Melenoma

Bad skin cancer

Thermo regulation

The mechanism whereby the body balances heat production and heat loss.

Hypothermia

An excessive decrease in body temperature

Hyperthermia

An excessive increase in temperature

Heat loss is done thru

Radiation(heat loss through body to cool air surrounding)



Conduction(heat loss through warm body to a cooler object with contact with body)



Convection(is loss of heat through air currents that move over the surface of the skin)



Evaporation(occurs when a liquid becomes a gas)


Vitiligo

Loss of color (albinoism)

Axial skeleton

Head,neck, thorax,sacrum

Appendicular skeleton

Arms, hips,legs

Femur

Longest& largest bone in the body

Epiphysis

Ends of a bone

Diaphysis

Middle of a bone

Two types of bone

Compact & spongy

Compact bones

Dense hard bones found in shafts of long bones.( yellow marrow)

Spongy bones

Is located primarily at the ends of long bones(red marrow)

Atlas

First vertebrea

Axis

Second verterbrea

True ribs

Connect to the sternum

False ribs

Connect to the sternum through cartilage

Floating ribs

Free floating ribs

Acromion process

Coxal bone is made up by

Ilium, pubis, ischium

Ischial tuberosity

We sit on it

Synarthrosis

Immovable joints. The sutures on a skull.

Amphiarthrosis

Slightly movable joints.intervertebral disk

Diarthrosis

Freely movable joints. Synovial joints.