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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Skeletal System overall composition |
• Composed of bones, cartilages, joints, ligaments • 20% of body mass |
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Skeletal System
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Two major parts (total = 206) – Axial – Appendicular |
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Axial: |
skull, vertebral column, thoracic cage (80 bones) |
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Appendicular: |
limbs, both upper and lower (126 bones) |
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The Skull • Two sets of bones |
1. Cranial bones 2. Facial bones |
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8 cranial bones: |
2 parietal, 2 temporal, – 1 each: frontal, occipital, sphenoid, & ethmoid – Thin & strong for their weight |
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Facial bones overview |
– Framework of face – Cavities for special sense organs for sight, taste, and smell – Openings for air and food passage – Sites of attachment for teeth and muscles of facial expression |
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# of facial bones & names paired/unpaired |
14 bones: only mandible & vomer are unpaired • Paired bones: maxilla, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal, palatine, and inferior conchae |
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There is/are _____ bones comprising the skull. |
22 |
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Articulation |
means joining which is 2 or more bones coming together |
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4 sutures of skull |
1. Coronal suture—between parietal bones and frontal bone 2. Sagittal suture—between right and left parietal bones 3. Lambdoid suture—between parietal bones and occipital bone 4. Squamous (squamosal) sutures— between parietal and temporal bones on each side of skull |
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Occipital Bone |
• Most of skull's posterior wall and posterior cranial fossa • Articulates with 1st vertebra, i.e., “yes” motion • Sites of attachment for an elastic ligament to connect the vertebrae of the neck to the skull • Sites of attachment and many neck and back muscles |
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Sphenoid Bone |
• Complex, bat-shaped bone • Keystone bone – Articulates with all other cranial bones |
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Sphenoid Bone Three pairs of processes
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(2 to know) – Greater wings – Lesser wings – Pterygoid processes |
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Major markings for sphenoid bone |
sella turcica – forms “seat” for pituitary gland |
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Ethmoid Bone |
• Deepest skull bone • Superior part of nasal septum, roof of nasal cavities • Contributes to medial wall of orbits • Crista galli for dural attachment |
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Fourteen Facial Bones |
• Mandible • Maxillary bones (maxillae) (2) • Zygomatic bones (2) • Nasal bones (2) - Lacrimal bones (2) • Palatine bones (2) • Vomer • Inferior nasal conchae (2) |
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Mandible |
• Lower jaw • Largest, strongest bone of face |
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– Only freely movable joint in skull |
Temporomandibular joint
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• Medially fused to form upper jaw and central portion of facial skeleton |
Maxillary Bones
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– Articulate with all other facial bones except mandible |
Keystone bones
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Maxillary bones contain what sinus? |
Contain maxillary sinuses – Largest of paranasal sinuses |
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Palatine bones |
– Posterior one-third of hard palate – Posterolateral walls of the nasal cavity – Small part of the orbits |
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Vomer |
– Plow shaped – Inferior part of nasal septum |
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Orbits overview |
• Cavities that encase eyes and lacrimal glands, cushioned by adipose tissue • Sites of attachment for eye muscles |
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Orbits are Formed by parts of seven bones |
–Frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxilla, palatine, lacrimal, and ethmoid |
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Paranasal Sinuses functions |
• Mucosa-lined, air-filled spaces • Lighten skull • Enhance resonance of voice • Warm and humidify air |
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Where/in what bone(s) is/are the paranasal sinuses found? |
Found in: frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones |
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The hyoid bone |
Not bone of skull • Does not articulate directly with another bone • Site of attachment for muscles to swallow or speak |
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This card |
intentionally blank |
