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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
upper respiratory tract
|
nose, pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx) larynx |
|
lower respiratory tract
|
trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs |
|
respiratory mucosa |
the membrane that lines air distribution tubes |
|
conchae |
protrude into the nasal cavity on each side to warm and humidify air |
|
larynx |
voice box
|
|
vocal cords
|
2 short fibrous bands that stretch across the larynx |
|
glottis
|
air space between vocal cords |
|
epiglottis |
trap door that closes off the larynx |
|
trachea |
windpipe |
|
composed of 15-20 C rings of cartilage |
trachea |
|
cilia |
paralyzed by cigarette smoke |
|
parietal pleura |
lines the walls of the thoracic cavity |
|
visceral pleura |
covers the lungs |
|
pulmonary ventilation |
breathing |
|
phrenic nerve |
stimulates the diaphragm to contract |
|
gas exchange takes place here |
aveoli |
|
tidal volume |
amount of air breathed in and out with each breath |
|
vital capacity |
largest amount of air that we can breathe in and out of the lungs in 1 breath |
|
cerebral cortex
|
influence respiration by modifying the rate at which neurons fire in the breathing centers of the medulla |
|
eupnea
|
normal, good breathing
|
|
hyperventilation
|
very rapid and deep breathing |
|
hypoventilation |
slow and shallow breathing |
|
dyspnea |
labored or difficult breathing |
|
apnea |
|
|
respiratory arrest |
failure to resume breathing after prolonged period of apnea |
|
atria |
upper 2 chambers of the heart |
|
ventricle |
lower 2 chambers of the heart |
|
myocardium |
lines the walls of the chambers of the heart |
|
inner layer of pericardium |
visceral pericardium |
|
outer layer of pericardium |
parietal pericardium |
|
systole |
contraction of the heart |
|
diastole |
relaxation of the heart |
|
pumps blood to the lungs
|
right ventricle |
|
pumps blood to the body |
left ventricle |
|
coronary arteries supply blood to where? |
cardiac muscle |
|
structures that make up the conduction system of the heart |
SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers |
|
tunica externa |
outer layer of the arteries and veins |
|
tunica media
|
middle layer of the arteries and veins |
|
tunica intima |
inner layer of the arteries and veins |
|
ductus venosus |
allows most of the blood returning from placenta to bypass immature liver of developing fetus |
|
ductus arteriousus |
connects the aorta and pulmonary artery in developing fetus |