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41 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
upper respiratory tract

nose, pharynx (nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx) larynx
lower respiratory tract

trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs

respiratory mucosa

the membrane that lines air distribution tubes

conchae

protrude into the nasal cavity on each side to warm and humidify air

larynx
voice box
vocal cords

2 short fibrous bands that stretch across the larynx
glottis

air space between vocal cords

epiglottis

trap door that closes off the larynx

trachea

windpipe

composed of 15-20 C rings of cartilage

trachea

cilia

paralyzed by cigarette smoke

parietal pleura

lines the walls of the thoracic cavity

visceral pleura

covers the lungs

pulmonary ventilation

breathing

phrenic nerve

stimulates the diaphragm to contract

gas exchange takes place here

aveoli

tidal volume

amount of air breathed in and out with each breath

vital capacity

largest amount of air that we can breathe in and out of the lungs in 1 breath
cerebral cortex

influence respiration by modifying the rate at which neurons fire in the breathing centers of the medulla
eupnea
normal, good breathing
hyperventilation

very rapid and deep breathing

hypoventilation

slow and shallow breathing

dyspnea

labored or difficult breathing

apnea


brief period where breathing stops


respiratory arrest

failure to resume breathing after prolonged period of apnea

atria

upper 2 chambers of the heart

ventricle

lower 2 chambers of the heart

myocardium

lines the walls of the chambers of the heart

inner layer of pericardium

visceral pericardium

outer layer of pericardium

parietal pericardium

systole

contraction of the heart

diastole

relaxation of the heart
pumps blood to the lungs

right ventricle

pumps blood to the body

left ventricle

coronary arteries supply blood to where?

cardiac muscle

structures that make up the conduction system of the heart

SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers

tunica externa

outer layer of the arteries and veins
tunica media

middle layer of the arteries and veins

tunica intima

inner layer of the arteries and veins

ductus venosus

allows most of the blood returning from placenta to bypass immature liver of developing fetus

ductus arteriousus

connects the aorta and pulmonary artery in developing fetus