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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mitotic (M) Phase
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The phase of the cell cycle that includes mitosis and cytokinesis. |
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Interphase |
The period in the cell cycle when the cell is not dividing. During interphase, cellular metabolic activity is high, chromosomes and organelles are duplicated, and cell size may increase. Interphase accounts for 90% of the cell cycle. |
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G1 Phase |
The first growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA synthesis begins. |
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S Phase |
The synthesis phase of the cell; the portion of interphase during which DNA is replicated. |
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G2 Phase |
The second growth phase of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis occurs. |
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Prophase |
The first stage of mitosis, in which the chromatin is condensing and the mitotic spindle begins to form, but the nucleolus and nucleus are still intact. |
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Prometaphase |
The second stage of mitosis, in which discrete chromosomes consisting of identical sister chromatids appear, the nuclear envelope fragments, and the spindle microtubules attach to the kinetochores of the chromosomes. |
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Metaphase |
The third stage of mitosis, in which the spindle is complete and the chromosomes, attached to microtubules at their kinetochores, are all aligned at the metaphase plate. |
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Anaphase |
The fourth stage of mitosis, in which the chromatids of each chromosme have separated and the daughter chromosomes are moving to the poles of the cell. |
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Telophase |
The fifth and final stage of mitosis, in which daughter nuclei are forming and cytokinesis has typically begun. |
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Mitotic Spindle |
An assembling of microtubules and associated proteins that is involved in the movements of chromosomes during mitosis. |
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Centrosome |
Material present in the cytoplasm of all eukaryotic cells, important during cell division; the microtubule organizing center. |
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Aster |
A radial array of short microtubules that extends from each centrosome toward the plasma membrane in a cell undergoing mitosis. |
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Kinetochore |
A specialized region on the centromere that links each sister chromatid to the mitotic spindle. |
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Metaphase Plate |
An imaginary plane during metaphase in which the centromeres of all the duplicated chromosomes are located midway between the two poles. |
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Cleavage |
The process of cytokinesis in animal cells, characterized by pinching of the plasma membrane. Also, the succession of rapid cell divisions without growth during early embryotic development that converts the zygote into a ball of cells. |
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Cleavage Furrow |
The first sign of cleavage in an animal cell; a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate. |
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Cell Plate |
A double membrane across the mid-line of a dividing plant cell, between which the new cell wall forms during cytokinesis.
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Origin of Replication |
Site where the replication of a DNA molecule begins. |
