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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the order of naming?
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domains
kingdoms phylums classes orders family genus species |
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
chromosomes consist of a very long, linear DNA molecule package with histone proteins |
eukaryotic
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
the chromosomes are enclosed in a nucleus |
eukaryotic
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
specialized membrane-enclosed bodies serve to isolate metabolic activities |
eukaryotic
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
flagella and cilia, when present, are made of the protein tubulin arranged in "9 + 2" microtubule arrays |
eukaryotic
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
there is a single chromosome consisting of a short, circular DNA molecules, histones may or may not be present, some contain plasmids |
prokarytic
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
There is no nucleus |
prokaryotic
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
There are no organelles, although various membranes might serve similar functions |
prokaryotic
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Eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
Flagella, when present, consist of the globular protein flagellin |
prokaryotic
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What are some important details in describing organisms?
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-autotroph or heterotroph
-whether or not they can live with oxygen |
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must have oxygen to live
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obligate aerobes
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can survive only in the absence of oxygen
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obligate anaerobes
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grows in the presence of oxygen but, when oxygen is absent, can switch to an anaerobic metabolism
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faculative anaerobe
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How are archaea different from normal prokaryotes?
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-they contain various polysaccharides but not peptidoglycans, cellulose, and chitin
-plasma membrane contain phospholipids that differ from other phospholipids |
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How are archaea similar to eukaryotes?
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-associated with histone proteins
-ribosome activity is not inhibited by the antibiotics that inhibit regular bacteria |
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What are the two major groups of archea?
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methanogens
extremophiles |
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are obligate anaerobes that produce methane as a by-product of obtaining energy from H2 to fix CO2
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methanogens
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live in environments where environmental conditions are extreme
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extremophiles
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live in environments with high salt concentrations, such as in the Great Salt Lake and the Dead Sea or in salted foods
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halophiles
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live in hot environments such as hot springs or geysers
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thermophiles
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What are the distinctive characteristics of bacteria?
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-bacterial cell walls are made with peptidoglycan
-DNA is not associated with histone proteins -ribosome activity is inhibited by streptomycin and chloramphenicol |
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How are bacteria categorized today?
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-mode of nutrition
-ability to produce endospores -means of mobility -three shapes: cocci, bacilli, or spirilla -Gram stain technique |
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resistant bodies that contain the genetic material and a small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a durable wall
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endospores
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are photosynthetic bacteria, they use chlorophyll a to capture light energy, splitting H2O, and releasing O2 as do plants
some are nitrogen-fixing |
cyanobacteria
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are autotrophic bacteria
some are nitrifying |
chemosynthetic bacteria
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the process of converting nitrite to nitrate
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nitrifying
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are heterotrophs that fix nitrogen, live in nodules
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nitrogen-fixing bacteria
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are coiled bacteria that move with a corkscrew motion
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spriochetes
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members of the Protista that obtain energy by photosynthesis
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algaelike
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have one or three flagella at their apical end
have pellicles and eyespots can become heterotrophic in absence of light |
euglenoids
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have two flagella and some can produce nerve toxins to gather their food
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dinoflagellates
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What are six types of Protists?
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euglenoids
dinoflagellates brown algae rhodophyta chlorophyta |
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Please copy the rest of the lists
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:(
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