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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Allele
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Different kinds of the same gene. Ex. Blue eyes vs. green.
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Asexual Reproduction
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1 parent. Without sex. In most cases, the offspring are genetically identical to the parent.
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Autosome
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A chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex; not a sex chromosome
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Chiasma (Chiasmata)
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Linking of homologous non-sister chromatids in an X shape, communication between the two happens here.
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Crossing Over
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Nonsister chromatids share information (pulling apart.)
Prophase I |
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Diploid Cells
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Cell with 2 sets of chromosomes, 1 from each parent.
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Gene
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Specific nucleotide sequence in DNA or RNA
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Haploid
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1 set of chromosomes (half.)
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Homologous Chromosomes
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Matching, but not identical, chromosomes. 1 from each parent. Also called homologs.
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Locus
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A specific place along the length of a chromosome where a given gene is located.
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Meiosis
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Cell division in sexually reproducing organisms. 2 rounds of cell division, 1 round of DNA replication. Results in cells with half the number of chromosome sets as original.
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Meiosis I
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1st stage of Meiosis.
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Meiosis II
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2nd stage of Meiosis.
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Recombinant Chromosome
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Created when crossing over combines the parent's chromosome into 1.
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Sex Chromosome
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Determines sex of individual.
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Somatic Cell
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Any cell in an organism other than sperm or egg.
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Synapsis
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The pairing and physical connection of replicated homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis.
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Zygote
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The diploid product of the union of haploid gametes during fertilization; a fertilized egg.
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