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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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oxidation
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process of being oxidized; gain O2 loss of hydrogen in Redox reaction
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reduction
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1/2 of chromosomes per cell; loss of O2, gain hydrogen in Redox reaction
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reducing agent
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electron donor in Redox reaction; substance that brings about reduction by being oxidized & losing electrons
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oxidizing agent
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brings about oxidation by being reduced & gaining electrons; electron acceptor in Redox reaction
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Acetyl CoA
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coenzyme A, molecule used in metabolism; 2 carbon fragments of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme, entry compound to citric acid cycle
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proton-motive force
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generated by pumping
H+ ions across membrane; potential energy styles in forms of protons |
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cytochromes
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iron containing protein that is a component of ETC in mitochondria & chloroplast of eukaryotic & plasma membrane if prokaryotes
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ATP Synthase
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complex of several proteins uses hydrogen ions to make ADP + pi to ATP
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aerobic & anaerobic respiration
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aerobic uses O2 as a final election acceptor; anaerobic no O2 uses inorganic molecules
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inner-membrane space
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region between inner/outer membrane of chloroplast; oxidative
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mitochondrial inner membrane
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site of ETC, H+ ions build up in the inner membrane spacE to create proton potential
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mitochondrial matrix
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soluble enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of pyruvate of pyruvate & other molecules; contains DNA & ribosomes
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alcohol fermentation
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sugars convert to alcohol & CO2; glycolysis is followed by reduction of pyruvate to energy
ethyl alcohol, regenerating NADP+ & releasing CO2 |
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lactic acid fermentation
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glycolysis followed by reduction of pyruvate to lactate, regenerating NAD+ w/o CO2
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