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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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semelparity
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A life history in which adults have but a single reproductive opportunity to produce large numbers of offspring, such as the life history of the Pacific salmon. Also known as "big-bang reproduction."
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endoparasites
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Parasites that live within a host.
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carrying capacity
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The maximum population size that can be supported by the available resources, symbolized as K.
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big-bang reproduction
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A life history in which adults have but a single reproductive opportunity to produce large numbers of offspring, such as the life history of the Pacific salmon. Also known as semelparity.
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bottom-up model
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A model of community organization in which mineral nutrients control community organization because nutrients control plant numbers, which in turn control herbivore numbers, which in turn control predator numbers.
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zero population growth
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A period of stability in population size when the per capita birth rates and death rates are equal.
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interspecific competition
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Competition for resources between plants, between animals, or between decomposers when resources are in short supply.
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Top-Down Model
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A model of community organization in which predation controls community organization because predators control herbivores, which in turn control plants, which in turn control nutrient levels; also called the trophic cascade model.
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individualistic hypothesis
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The concept, put forth by H.A. Gleason, that a plant community is a chance assemblage of species found in the same area simply because they happen to have similar biotic requirements.
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cryptic coloration
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Camouflage, making potential prey difficult to spot against its background.
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ectoparasites
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Parasites that feed on the external surface of a host.
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Müllerian mimicry
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A mutual mimicry by two unpalatable species.
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energetic hypothesis
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length of a food chain is limited by the inefficiency of energy transfer along the chain.
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interactive hypothesis
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The concept, put forth by F.E. Clements, that a community is an assemblage of closely linked species, locked into association by mandatory biotic interactions that cause the community to function as an integrated unit, a sort of superorganism.
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clumped
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Describing a dispersion pattern in which individuals are aggregate in patches.
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competitive exclusion principle
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The concept that when populations of two similar species compete for the same limited resources, one population will use the resources more efficiently and have a reproductive advantage that will eventually lead to the elimination of the other population.
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Batesian mimicry
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A type of mimicry in which a harmless species looks like a species that is poisonous or otherwise harmful to predators.
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