Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
organic chemistry
|
the study of carbon compounds and the chemistry of living things
|
|
organic molecules
|
A molecule with a basic skeleton made up of carbon atoms
|
|
vitalism
|
the belief in a life force outside the jurisdiction of physical and chemical laws
|
|
mechanism
|
the belief that all natural phenomena, including the processes of life, are governed by physical and chemical laws
|
|
hyrdocarbons
|
molecules with carbon and hydrogen only
|
|
isomer
|
compounds with the same molecular but different structural formulas
|
|
structural isomer
|
differ in covalent arrangement of atom
|
|
geometric isomer
|
same covalent relationships and differ in spatial relationships caused by double bonds
|
|
enantiomer
|
are mirror images caused by having a carbon bonded to four different things; asymmetrical carbon
|
|
asymmetric carbon
|
the middle carbon in an enantiomer that is attached to four different atoms
|
|
functional group
|
groups of elements commonly attached to C that are involved in chemical reactions; determine behavior of molecule
|
|
hydroxyl group
|
a hyrdogen is bonded to an oxygen, which is then bonded to the carbon skeleton; is polar and dissolves in water
|
|
alcohol
|
organic compounds containing hydroxyl groups
|
|
carbonyl group
|
consists of a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond; acts as an acid
|
|
aldehyde
|
organic compound where the carbonyl group is on the end of a carbon skeleton
|
|
ketone
|
organic compound where the carbonyl group is located somewhere other than the end of a carbon skeleton; at least three carbons long
|
|
carboxyl group
|
where an oxygen atom is double-bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded to a hydroxyl group
|
|
carboxylic acid
|
compounds containing carboxyl groups; organic acids
|
|
amino group
|
consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton
|
|
amine
|
an organic compound in the amino group
|
|
sulfhydryl
|
consists of a sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen, resembling a hydroxyl group in shape
|
|
thiol
|
organic compounds containing sulfhydryls
|
|
phosphate group
|
contain a phosphate ion covalently attached by one of its oxygen atoms to the carbon skeleton; transwers energy between organic molecules
|