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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Organic Chemistry`
the branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon compounds
Hydrocarbons
organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen
isomers
compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures and hence different properties
Structural Isomers
differ in the covalent arrangement of their atoms
Geometric Isomers
have the same covalent partnerships but differ in their spatial arrangements
Enantiomers
molecules that are mirror images of each other
Functional groups
the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions
Hydroxyl Group
a hydrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to the carbon skeleton of the organic molecule
Alcohols
organic compounds containing hydroxl groups
Carbonyl group
consists of a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond
Aldehyde
when a carbonyl group is on the end of a carbon skeleton
Carboxyl group
when an oxygen atom is double bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded toa hydroxyl group (-COOH)
Carboxylic Acids
compounds containing carboxyl groups
Amino Group
consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton (-NH2)
Amines
organic compouns with amino groups
sulfhydryl group
a sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen (-SH)
thiols
organic compouns containing sulfhydryls
Phosphate group
a phosphate ion covalently attached by on of its oxygen atoms to the carbon skeleton