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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Organic Chemistry`
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the branch of chemistry that specializes in the study of carbon compounds
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Hydrocarbons
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organic molecules consisting only of carbon and hydrogen
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isomers
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compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures and hence different properties
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Structural Isomers
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differ in the covalent arrangement of their atoms
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Geometric Isomers
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have the same covalent partnerships but differ in their spatial arrangements
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Enantiomers
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molecules that are mirror images of each other
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Functional groups
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the components of organic molecules that are most commonly involved in chemical reactions
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Hydroxyl Group
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a hydrogen atom is bonded to an oxygen atom, which in turn is bonded to the carbon skeleton of the organic molecule
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Alcohols
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organic compounds containing hydroxl groups
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Carbonyl group
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consists of a carbon atom joined to an oxygen atom by a double bond
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Aldehyde
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when a carbonyl group is on the end of a carbon skeleton
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Carboxyl group
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when an oxygen atom is double bonded to a carbon atom that is also bonded toa hydroxyl group (-COOH)
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Carboxylic Acids
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compounds containing carboxyl groups
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Amino Group
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consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms and to the carbon skeleton (-NH2)
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Amines
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organic compouns with amino groups
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sulfhydryl group
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a sulfur atom bonded to an atom of hydrogen (-SH)
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thiols
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organic compouns containing sulfhydryls
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Phosphate group
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a phosphate ion covalently attached by on of its oxygen atoms to the carbon skeleton
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