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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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neutron
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a subatomic particle that has no charge and that is located in the nucleus of an atom
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hydrogen bond
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weak chemical bond formed by the attraction of positively charged hydrogen atoms to other negatively charged atoms
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salt
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sodium chloride NaCl
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covalent bond
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a chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule
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atom
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(physics and chemistry) the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element
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electronegativity
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(chemistry) the tendency of an atom or radical to attract electrons in the formation of an hydrogen bond
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matter
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that which has mass and occupies space
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polar covalent bond
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a covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally
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double covalent bond
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a bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons
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temperature
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the intensity of heat
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solution
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a liquid consisting of a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances
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ionic bond
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a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion
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chemical bond
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an electrical force linking atoms
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element
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any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matter
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heat
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a form of energy that is transferred by a difference in temperature
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buffer
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an ionic compound that resists changes in its pH
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cohesion
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an attraction between molecules of the same substance
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solute
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the dissolved substance in a solution
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acid precipitation
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precipitation, such as rain, sleet, or snow, that contains a high concentration of acids, often because of the pollution of the atmosphere
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atomic weight
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the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
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proton
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a stable particle with positive charge equal to the negative charge of an electron
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electron
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an elementary particle with negative charge
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pH scale
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measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14
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reactant
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a chemical substance that is present at the start of a chemical reaction
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nonpolar covalent bond
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a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge
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polar molecule
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a molecule in which the charges are unevenly distributed
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product
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a chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction
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mass number
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the sum of the number of neutrons and protons in an atomic nucleus
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trace element
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An element indispensable for life but required in extremely minute amounts.
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acid
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a substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
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surface tension
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a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid
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solvent
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a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
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base
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a compound that accepts H+ ions and removes them from solution
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molecule
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two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
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chemical reaction
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a process leading to chemical changes in matter
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electron shell
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an energy level representing the distance of an electron from the nucleus of an atom
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atomic number
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number of protons in an atom
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nucleus
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the center of an atom containing protons and neutrons
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isotope
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a variant form of an element
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ion
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an atom with an electrical charge resulting from gain or loss of an electron
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radioactive isotope
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an isotope with a decayed nucleus giving off energy
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