Ap Art History: Quest 3 Vocab

Front 1

Koran

Back 1

holy book of Islam

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Mecca

Back 2

go for pilgrimage

Front 3

Mohammed

Back 3

prophet of Islam

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Arabesque

Back 4

a type of linear surface decoration based on foliage and calligraphic forms, usually characterized by flowing lines and swirling shapes

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Iconoclasm

Back 5

banning or destruction of icons

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Mosque

Back 6

an edifice used for communal Muslim worship

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Qibla (wall)

Back 7

mosque wall orientated toward Mecca

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mihrab

Back 8

recess or niche that distinguishes that wall orientated toward Mecca (qibla) in a mosque

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minaret

Back 9

a tall slender tower on the exterior of a mosque from which believers are called to prayer

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iwan

Back 10

a large, vaulted chamber with a monumental arched opening on one side

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ambulatory

Back 11

the passage (walkway) around the apse in a basilican church or around the central space in a centrally planned building

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calligraphy

Back 12

art of highly ornamental handwriting

Front 13

interlace

Back 13

type of linear decoration in which ribbonlike bands are illsionistically depicted as if woven under and over one another

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Neo-Confucianism (li vs. qi);

Back 14

The synthesis of Taoist cosmology and Buddhist spirituality around the core of Confucian concern with society and government, a
synthesis which predominated in the intellectual and spiritual life of China, Korea, and Japan prior to the
modern period.form of Confucianism that was primarily
developed during the Song Dynasty

li: principle/idea
qi: matter

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literati painting

Back 15

style of painting that reflects the taste of the educated class of East Asian intellectuals and scholars. Aspects include an appreciating for the antique, small scale, and an intimate connection between maker and audience

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hand-scrolls

Back 16

long, narrow, horizontal painting or text common in Chinese and Japanese art and of a size intended for individual use, A hand scroll is stored wrapped tightly around a wooden pin and in unrolled for viewing or reading

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hanging scrolls

Back 17

vertically oriented, mounted with sections of silk. Tope=semicircular rod bottom=round dowel.

Front 18

album leaves

Back 18

blank pages, that when together, form a book/album which is typically painted, sketched, or drawn.

Front 19

Porcelain

Back 19

is a ceramic material made by heating raw materials, generally including clay in the form of kaolin; final product has translucent surface

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Glazing

Back 20

an outermost layer of vitreous liquid(glaze) hat upon firing, renders ceramics waterproof and forms a decorative surface. In painting, a technique particularly used with oil mediums in which a transparent layer of paint is laid over another, usually lighter, painted or glazed area.

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Lacquer

Back 21

hard, glossy surface varnish. Can be layered and manipulated or combined with pigments and other materials for various decorative effects.

Front 22

block-printing

Back 22

a printed image, such as a woodcut or wood engraving, made from a carved wooden block

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woodblock prints

Back 23

print made from a block of wood that is cut in relief or incised

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polychrome

Back 24

multicolored painted decoration applied to any part of a building, sculpture, or piece of furniture

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Zen

Back 25

emphasizes dharma practice and experiential wisdom—particularly as realized in the form of meditation known as zazen—in the attainment of awakening

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Reliquaries

Back 26

container, often made from precious material, used as a repository for sacred relics

Front 27

animal interlace

Back 27

decoration made up of interwoven animals or serpents, often found in Celtic and early northern European art

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Motifs

Back 28

any recurring element of a design or composition; recurring theme or subject in art

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westwork, gallery

Back 29

monumental, west facing entrance section of a church; interior consists of vestibule, chapel, and a galleries overlooking the nave

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scriptorium

Back 30

a room in a monastery for writing/copying manuscripts

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buttress

Back 31

architectural support consisting of massive masonry built against an exterior wall to brace the wall and counter the thrust of the vaults. Transfers the weight to the ground.

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jamb

Back 32

vertical element found on both sides of an opening in a wall, supports arch or lintel

Front 33

Trumeau

Back 33

column, pier, or post found in the center of a large portal/doorway supporting a lintel

Front 34

Tympanum

Back 34

area over a door enclosed by arch and lintel often decorated with sculpture/mosaic