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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

All cells come from?

existing cells

Organelles

are organs of cells

Nucleus

Where DNA/ chromosomes live

Plasma membrane

skin of the cell (Phospholipid bilayer)

Ribosome

Are the organelles that make protein synthesis/ translation

Mitochondrion

Energy (ATP)

lysosome

BAg of enzymes

Cytoplasm

Juice of cell/H2O

Microvilli

gives more surface area of the cell

Cilia

protein sticks to move stuff to one direction

flagella

is to move the cell to point A to B on its own motor

Simple Diffusion (Natural)

(natural) solute moving DOWN concn gradient

Osmosis (Natural)

water moving to high to low concn.

Facilitad Diffusion (Natural)

?

Active Transport (Energy)

for moving things UP concn. (low to high concn.)

Filtration

a force pushing through a membrane

hyper

move solute

Hypo

less solute

isotonic

equal concetraction

specificity

like a key (open up things)

substrate

what it is looking for

product

what it turn it into

Electrolytes

changed ions (Na+) (Cl-) (K+) (HCO3-)

Replication

to copy


DNA -> RNA (in nucleus)

Transcription

DNA -> mRNA

Translation

mDNA -> Protein

All nucleic acids are made by

dehydration synethesis

DNA vs RNA (5) each

DNA


big


double stranded


nucleus only


deoxyribose


Thymine




RNA


small


single stranded


anywhere


ribose


Uracil

DNA Polymerase

makes the DNA (use nuclear tides)

DNA cigase

glue okayaki fragments together

Base Triplet

3 bases on DNA

DNA Gyrase (Enzymes)

twist them back to a double helix

Mitosis

1 cell become 2


Growth


1R, 1D -> 2 ID progeny


All cells

Meiosis

Reproduction (Diversity)


Gametes


1R, 2D -> 4 unique progeny

RNA Polymeraic

made of nuleic acids

Template strand

refer to the DNA stran its reading

Polyribsome

many ribsome on 1 mRNA

Histones (disklike proteins)

in nucli that that help store your chromosomes (translation)