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39 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder

Urogenital

Pertains to organs or excretion and reproduction

Urinary bladder

The hollow muscular organ that stores urine

Kidney

The organ that filters the blood and creates urine

Ureter

The narrow tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder

Polyuria

Excessive urination

Urethra

The tube leading from the bladder to the outside of the body

Polydipsia

Excessive thirst

Scrotum

External sac that encloses and supports the testes

Gestation Period

The time between the conception and birth of an offspring

Embryo

An undeveloped fetus, or the young in an early stage of development

Prostate gland

Surrounds the urethra and secretes fluid that aids in the transport of sperm

Fetus

An unborn, developing child or amimal

Oviduct

aka Uterine Tube, the site of fertilization in the female animal

Vagina

The female passage for reproduction and birthing

Uterine Horn

Aka the womb, houses the developing embryos in pregnant females

Prepuce

The fold of skin covering the glans penis, also known as foreskin

Penis

The male sex organ that transports sperm to the female during mating

Epididymis

A coiled 20 foot tube where spermatozoa mature

Vas Deferens

Carries the sperm to the urethra

Vulva

Aka the external female genitalia

Genetic

Refers to biological heredity

Mastitis

Inflammation of the breasts

Parturition

Refers to the process of giving birth

Cervix

The lower portion of the uterus

Spay

To remove the ovaries and uterus, or to neuter a female animal

Hereditary

Transmissable from parent to offspring, or genetically determined

Renal Artery

The major arterial blood supply to the kidney. It is a branch of the aorta and enters the kidney at the hilus. After entering the kidney, it begins branching into smaller vessels that eventually become the glomerulli.

Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)

A hormone released by the posterior pituitary gland. It facilitates water conservation in the body by promoting water reabsorption from urine in the collecting ducts. Low levels of ADH cause Diabetes Insipidus, a condition that results in excessive water loss from the body through increased urine volume.

Aldosterone

A mineralcorticoid hormone secreted by the cortex of the adrenal gland. It stimulates the kidney to conserve sodium ions and water and to eliminate potassium and hydrogen ions

Erythropoietin

The hormone produced by the kidney that stimulates the red bone marrow to increase its production of red blood cells

Prostaglandins (PG)

Hormone-like substances that are produced and exert many effects locally in a variety of body tissues. Sometimes called tissue hormones because they regulate biochemical activities in the tissues where they are formed

Retroperitoneal

Behind the parietal layer of peritoneum that lines the abdominal cavity, outside the abdominal cavity proper

Hilus

Area of the kidney that is indented on the medial side where blood or lymph vessels and nerves enter and leave where the ureter leave the organ

Renal Pelvis

The collection point for tubular filtrate as it leaves the collecting ducts. When the fluid enters it, it is in the form of urine that must be eliminated from the body. It continues to the ureter that carries urine to the urinary bladder.

Nephron

The basic functional unit of the kidney. It is composed of the renal corpuscle and the tubule system, which is made up of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule.

Renal Corpuscle

The first part of the nephron. It is composed of the glomerular capillaries and Bowman's capsule. The capsular space is continued as the proximal convoluted tubule.

Glomerulus

The tuft of capillaries found in the renal corpuscle, also called Glomerular capillaries

Bowman's Capsule

Part of the renal corpuscle. It consists of two layers: visceral layer and parietal layer. It functions as a plasma filter in the process of urine formation.