A&p 2 Lab Chapter11 Endocrine

Front 1

This gland is located in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone. It hangs from the hypothalamus by the infundibulum.

Back 1

Pituitary gland

Front 2

this gland consist of two lobes joined by an isthumus. it is located in the throat region just inferior to the larynx and the anterior of trachea

Back 2

Thyroid gland

Front 3

inbedded in the thyroid gland

Back 3

The four parathyroid glands

Front 4

these glands are bean-shaped structures located superior to the kidneys

Back 4

Adrenal glands

Front 5

combination digestive and endocrine gland lies in the curve of the duodenum

Back 5

pancreas

Front 6

This gland lies in the thoracic cavity, just ventral to the heart (atrophies with age)

Back 6

thymus

Front 7

this gland is found in the posterior portion of the third ventricle of the brain

Back 7

pineal gland

Front 8

these female glands are located very low in the pelvis

Back 8

ovaries

Front 9

these male glands are suspended in the scrotum, inferior to the pelvic cavity

Back 9

testes

Front 10

rather nondescript area in the floor and the lower wall of the third ventricle of the brain

Back 10

hypothalmus

Front 11

Back 11

thyroid gland is composed of many spherical hollow sacs called thyroid follicles. In this tissue section, each follicle (A) appears as an irregular circle of cells. The principal cells, which surround the follicle are simple cuboidal epithelium. These follicles are filled with a colloid (B), which usually stains pink. The principal cells use the thyroglobulin and iodide stored in the colloid to produce the primary thyroid hormones - including thyroxine

Front 12

Back 12

Between these follicles are the parafollicular cells (C) which produce calcitonin.

Front 13

Back 13

Islet of langerhans- secrete insulin and glucagon
Ascinus- secrete digestive enzymes (typical cuboidal cells that form tubes)

Front 14

Adrenal cortex targeted by

Back 14

ACTH

Front 15

Lymphoid tissue targeted by

Back 15

Thymosin

Front 16

Mammary glands targeted by

Back 16

Prolactin

Front 17

Thyroid gland targeted by

Back 17

TSH

Front 18

Tubules of kidney targeted by

Back 18

ADH

Front 19

ADH released by

Back 19

Posterior pituitary

Front 20

Cortisol released by

Back 20

adrenal cortex

Front 21

Epinephrine released by

Back 21

adrenal medulla

Front 22

estrogen released by

Back 22

ovary

Front 23

growth hormone released by

Back 23

anterior pituitary

Front 24

insulin released by

Back 24

pancreas

Front 25

melatonin released by

Back 25

pineal gland

Front 26

PTH released by

Back 26

parathyroid

Front 27

testosterone released by

Back 27

testis

Front 28

thymosin released by

Back 28

thymus

Front 29

thyroxine released by

Back 29

thyroid

Front 30

acromegaly

Back 30

hypersecretion of growth hormone/anterior pituitary

enlarged extremities, growth in width not length, growth after puberty

Front 31

dwarfism

Back 31

hypo secretion of growth hormone/anterior pituitary gland

Front 32

giantism

Back 32

hypersecretion of growth hormone/anterior pituitary gland, happens before puberty, abnormally tall, normal porportions

Front 33

simmond's disease

Back 33

hyposecretion of growth hormone in adulthood, premature aging, loss of sex traits, lack of protein synthesis

Front 34

cretinism

Back 34

hyposecretion of thyroid hormones, mental retardation,short disportionate body

Front 35

graves' disease

Back 35

hypersecretion of thyroid hormones, protrusion of eyeballs

Front 36

addison's disease

Back 36

hyposecretion of cortisol, cortisone and aldosterone/ dehydration, skin pigment bronze

Front 37

cushing's disease

Back 37

hypersecretion cortisol, cortisone, and aldosterone/ edema(moon face) hypertension,poor wound healing

Front 38

precocity and virilism

Back 38

hypersecretions of sex hormones, early sex development

Front 39

diabetes insipidus

Back 39

hyposecretion ADH/ thirst and increase urine output

Front 40

diabetes mellitus

Back 40

hyposecretion of insulin (pancreas) hyperglycemia because glucose is unable to enter cells fro respiration

Front 41

myxedema

Back 41

hypothyroidism in adults, low metabolic rate, lethargy and weight gain

Front 42

Growth Hormone
released by?
targets?
Function?

Back 42

Anterior Pituitary Gland
Targets- general, epiphyseal disc
Function- growth, protein synthesis

Front 43

Prolactin
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 43

Anterior Pituitary Gland
targets-mammary glands
functions-formation of milk

Front 44

Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 44

Anterior Pituitary Gland
targets- thyroid gland
function- stimulation of thyroid

Front 45

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone(ACTH)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 45

Anterior Pituitary Gland
Targets-adrenal cortex
functions-stimulates adrenal cortex

Front 46

Follicle stimulating hormone(FSH)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 46

Anterior Pituitary Gland
Targets-ovarian follicles or seminiferous tubules
functions-oogenesis and estrogen production or spermatogenesis

Front 47

Luteinizing hormone (LH)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 47

Anterior Pituitary Gland
Targets- ovarian follicle
Functions-ovulation,formation of corpus luteum, secretion of progesterone

Front 48

Interstitialcell stimulating hormone(ICSH)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 48

Anterior Pituitary Gland
Targets-intersitial cells of testes
Functions-promote testosterone production

Front 49

Oxytocin/Pitocin
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 49

Posterior Pituitary(hormones produced by hypothalmus)
Targets-uterus, mammary glands
Functions-parturition,milk secretion

Front 50

Antidiuretic Hormone(ADH)
released by?
targets?
Functions?

Back 50

Posterior Pituitary (hormones produced by hypothalmus)
targets-distal tubules of nephron (kidneys)
functions-conserve water

Front 51

Thyroxin (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 51

Thyroid
targets- general
functions- metabolism, brain development

Front 52

Calcitonin
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 52

Thyroid
targets- bone
functions- Ca deposition

Front 53

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 53

Parathyroid
Targets-bone,kidney,intestine
functions- withdrawl of Ca from bone to raise blood Ca

Front 54

Adrenalin(epinephrine)
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 54

Adrenal medulla
Targets-general
functions- same as sympathetic nervous system

Front 55

Cotisol and Cortisone
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 55

Adrenal cortex
targets-general
functions-stress responses, anti-inflammatory

Front 56

Aldosterone
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 56

Adrenal Cortex
Targets- kidney tubules
functions- conserve NaCl and H2O

Front 57

Sex hormones
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 57

adrenal cortex
targets- general
functions- ???? sex drive?

Front 58

Insulin
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 58

Pancreatic Islets
Targets- general
functions- sugar transport, storage,and usage

Front 59

Glucagon
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 59

Pancreatic Islets
Targets- general
functions- raise blood sugar

Front 60

Testosterone
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 60

Testes
Targets- general
Functions- promote maleness

Front 61

Estrogen
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 61

Ovaries
Targets- general
functions- promote femaleness

Front 62

Progesterone
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 62

Ovaries
Targets- uterus
functions- maintain pregnancy

Front 63

Thymosin
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 63

Thymus
Targets- lymphoid tissue
functions-immunity

Front 64

Melatonin
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 64

Pineal
Targets- sex organs
functions-inhibits early sex development

Front 65

Releasing hormones
released by?
targets?
functions?

Back 65

Hypothalmus
targets- Anterior Pituitary
functions- control hormones levels

Front 66

hyposecretion of Growth hormone

Back 66

dwarfism, simmond's disease

Front 67

hypersecretion of growth hormone

Back 67

giantism- prior to puberty
acromegaly - after puberty

Front 68

hyposecretion of Follicle Stimulating hormone

Back 68

infertility

Front 69

hyposecretions of luteinizing hormone

Back 69

infertility

Front 70

hyposecretions of interstitial cell stimulating hormone

Back 70

infertility

Front 71

hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone

Back 71

diabetes insipidus

Front 72

hyposecretion of Thyroxin and triiodothyronine

Back 72

cretinism
myxedema

Front 73

hypersecretion of Thyroxin and triiodothyronine

Back 73

graves disease

Front 74

hyposecretions of parathyroid hormone

Back 74

tetany (sustained muscle contraction)

Front 75

hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone

Back 75

osteitis
fibrosa
cystica

Front 76

hypersecretion of Adrenalin

Back 76

hypertension

Front 77

hyposecretions of cortisol/cortisone

Back 77

Addison's disease

Front 78

hypersecretions of cortisol/cortisone

Back 78

Cushing's disease

Front 79

hyposecretions of Aldosterone

Back 79

Addison's disease (pigment loss)

Front 80

hypersecretions of Aldosterone

Back 80

Cushing's disease (moon face)

hump on back

Front 81

hypersecretions of sex hormones

Back 81

precocity, virilism

Front 82

hyposecretion of insulin

Back 82

diabetes mellitus

Front 83

hyposecretion of testosterone

Back 83

infertility

Front 84

hyposecretion of estrogen

Back 84

infertility

Front 85

hyposecretion of progesterone

Back 85

infertility

Front 86

hyposecretion of thymus

Back 86

immune failure