A&p-1, Chapter 7, 8

Front 1

condyle

Back 1

rounded, convex projection

Front 2

crest

Back 2

narrow ridge of bone

Front 3

epicondyle

Back 3

raised area of a condyle

Front 4

fissure

Back 4

narrow depression or opening

Front 5

foramen

Back 5

opening through a bone

Front 6

fossa

Back 6

shallow depression

Front 7

head

Back 7

structure supported on neck

Front 8

meatus

Back 8

canal-like structure

Front 9

process

Back 9

projection or prominence

Front 10

ramus

Back 10

armlike projection

Front 11

sinus

Back 11

air-filled cavity

Front 12

spine

Back 12

sharp, slender process

Front 13

trochanter

Back 13

large, irregularly shaped projection

Front 14

tubercle

Back 14

small rounded projection

Front 15

tuberosity

Back 15

large rounded projection

Front 16

Line

Back 16

Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest

Front 17

Groove

Back 17

Furrow

Front 18

Notch

Back 18

Indentation at the edge of a structure

Front 19

Facet

Back 19

Smooth, nearly flat articular surface

Front 20

What are the 2 main divisions of the skeleton?

Back 20

Axial

Appendicular

Front 21

Name the 3 major regions of the axial skeleton

Back 21

Skull

Vertebral column

Thoracic cage

Front 22

How many bones comprise the axial skeleton?

Back 22

80

Front 23

How many bones comprise the skull?

Back 23

22

Front 24

How are most skull bones connected?

Back 24

By sutures. Except the mandible.

Front 25

Name the 3 fossae in the skull

Back 25

Anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae

Front 26

How many cranial bones are there? Name them.

Back 26

The paired parietal and temporal bones, and the unpaired frontal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.

Front 27

Point to your external occipital protuberance

Back 27

(touch it)

Front 28

Which bone is considered the "keystone" of the cranium?

Back 28

Sphenoid bone

Front 29

How many pairs of true ribs are there?

Back 29

7

Front 30

How are the cervical vertebrae distinguished?

Back 30

Oval body, short, bifid process projects directly back, generally triangular foramen, each transverse process has a foramen.

Front 31

How are the thoracic vertebrae distinguished?

Back 31

The body is somewhat heart shaped, a small facet on each side, generally circular foramen, spinous process is long and points downward.

Front 32

How are the lumbar vertebrae distinguished?

Back 32

short, flat, hatchet shaped spinous process, triangular vertebral foramen.

Front 33

What are the 3 components of the sternum?

Back 33

Manubrium

Body

Xiphoid process

Front 34

How many pairs of false ribs are there?

Back 34

5

Front 35

What's the difference between true ribs and false ribs?

Back 35

True ribs connect directly to the sternum. False ribs either connect indirectly, or not at all.

Front 36

Back 36

Cervical Vertebrae

Front 37

Back 37

Thoracic Vertebrae

Front 38

Back 38

Lumbar Vertebrae

Front 39

Which features connect to the styloid process?

Back 39

Several tongue and neck muscles and a ligament that secures the hyoid bone

Front 40

Which features attach to the mastoid process?

Back 40

Some neck muscles

Front 41

What structure is found in the hypophyseal fossa of the sella turcica (on the sphenoid bone)

Back 41

The pituitary gland

Front 42

What attaches to the crista galli?

Back 42

Dura mater of the brain (this helps secure the brain in the cranial cavity

Front 43

Which bones are considered the keystone of the facial bones?

Back 43

The maxilla(2)

Front 44

Bell's palsy can result from inflammation of which nerve as it passes through which structure?

Back 44

The facial nerve/stylomastoid foramen

Front 45

Which foramen covers with cartilage after birth?

Back 45

Foramen lacerum

Front 46

What passes through the incisive fossa?

Back 46

Sphenopalatine artery (supplies the mucous membrane), nasopalatine nerves

Front 47

What type of cartilage makes up the nose?

Back 47

Hyaline

Front 48

What feature(s) pass through the hypoglossal canal?

Back 48

The hypoglossal nerves

Front 49

What features connect with the hyoid bone?

Back 49

Neck muscles that aid in swallowing

Front 50

Which feature passes through the stylomastoid foramen?

Back 50

The facial nerve

Front 51

What 2 structures compose the intervertebral disc?

Back 51

Nucleus pulposus

Anulus fibrosus

Front 52

What is the purpose of the appendicular skeleton?

Back 52

To carry out movement

Front 53

Which bones comprise the pectoral girdle?

Back 53

The scapula and clavicle

Front 54

What are the 2 ways joints are classified?

Back 54

Structurally

Functionally

Front 55

Name the 3 structural classifications of joints

Back 55

Fibrous

Cartilaginous

Synovial

Front 56

Name the 3 functional classifications of joints

Back 56

Synarthroses

Amphiarthroses

Diarthroses

Front 57

Describe the gliding movement of joints.

Back 57

When flat articular surfaces slip over one another, or "glide". (Intercarpal and intertarsal joints, flat articular processes in the vertebrae)

Front 58

Describe angular movement of joints.

Back 58

Increase or decrease the angle between 2 bones. (flexion, extension, hyperextension, abduction, adduction, circumduction)

Front 59

Describe rotation movement of joints.

Back 59

The turning of a bone around its own long axis.

(turning the head side to side)

Front 60

Name the 6 categories of synovial joints.

Back 60

Plane

Hinge

Pivot

Condylar

Saddle

Ball and Socket