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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Generalised anxiety disorder |
3 or more of these symptoms•restlessness, feeling keyed-up/on edge•fatiguing easily•difficulty concentrating / mind blanks•irritability•muscle tension• sleep disturbance |
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GAD occures |
almostdaily, for at least 6 months |
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Panic Attacks |
A suddenunexpected &overwhelming(but short-lived)period of intensefear ordiscomfort;surges abruptly,peaks withinminutes |
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Recurrent panic attacks |
one attack that had “lasting” effectsi.e., it led to one month of• Persistent concerns about attacks and/or• A significant, maladaptive, behaviour change |
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Panic attach Symptoms include |
4 or more symptoms from a list of 13 that includes:• Palpitations, pounding, racing heart rate• Sweating• Trembling, shaking• Feeling short of breath, difficulty breathing• Chills or hot flushes• Feelings of derealisation or depersonalisation |
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obsession |
repetitive, uncontrollable, intrusive,unwanted thoughts/urges/images that usually provoke“marked anxiety” |
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Compulsion |
a repetitive behaviour or mental act or ritualthat occurs to reduce anxiety (but is unlikely to do so) oris “clearly excessive” |
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OCD compulsions occupy a considerable amount of time |
>1 hour per day) |
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if generalised excessive worry |
consider GAD |
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if preoccupation with appearance |
consider BodyDysmorphic Disorder |
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if complusion is to store objects to allieviate fear |
consider Hoarding Disorder |
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treating anxtiey |
mainly by drugs; A class of drugs known as the benzodiazepines;• Enhance GABA activity.• Examples:Diazepam (Valium) - relatively long half life andLorazepam (Ativan) - relatively short half life• Side effects, withdrawal problems & addictiveness |
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what behavioural therapies |
exposure therapy; Exposure - can be imagined, in vivo, or virtual Systematic de-sensitisation – work through ahierarchy of feared situations whilst practicing relaxation Interoceptive exposure – deliberate inducement ofpanic symptoms to reduce fear of inner sensations Flooding – exposure until response subsides |
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OCD treatment |
Cognitive model: A cognitive (attentional) error – mentalpreoccupation – thought-suppression may be used. • Learning model: exposure + response prevention • Biological model: based on the finding of “specific” (butnot yet diagnostic) neuroanatomical features (structural &functional)….. Medication is utilised (‘antidepressant’medications, such as SSRI, TCAs). or a combination |
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mko |
mko |
