Antropology

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Biological Species concept

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The concept of species, according to which a species is a set of organisms that can interbreed among each other.

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Ecological Niches

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Physical spece of location. The ecological role of a species; the set of resources it consumes and habitats it occupies.

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Geographic isolation

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members of a population become sperated by physical barriers in the enviroment.

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ecological isolation

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species are serperated by slight differences in hte neches they ocupy

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Sexual behavior isolation

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species differ in theri mating rituals on courtship behaviours. (instice or genetic makeup/ scent

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metazoa

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multicellular animal; a mojor division of the animal kingdom

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chordata

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the phylum of the amimal kingdom that includes vertebrates

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age changes

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alter overall body size as well as shape in many mammals.. One pertinnet example for studies of fossil hominids and our closest primate relatives is the change in number, sixe, and shpe of teethfrom decidous (milk)teeth (only 20 present) to the permanent dentiton (32 present)

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Homologous traits

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similariteis between orgamism due to dent from common ancestor

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Derived trait

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modified from the ancestrl condition; appeared recently and is shared by relatively small group of closely relatied taxa

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Ancestral trait

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unchanged from the ancestral condition; first apperaed a longer time ago and shared by a larger group

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convergence

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simmilar features in different organism (or less closely related evolutionary lines) due to simlar selctive pressures

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Parallelism

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independently evolved similarites that did not exist in the common ancestor (though the common origins provided initial commonalities that gave direction to the evolution of the similarities, or parallel evolution, in the lines)