Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Acyclovir
|
only herpes viruses
Genital herpes (HSV-2) supressed not cured Not effective against Active CMV Renal clearance |
|
|
Ganciclovir
|
Less resistant than Acyclovir
Herpes viruses esp. CMV Most serious and frequent side effect is bone marrow suppression |
|
|
Cidofovir
|
phosphorylated by cellular, not viral, enzymes
1/4 patients must withdraw due to nephrotoxicity, ocular hypotony, neutropenia, and metabolic acidosis |
|
|
Foscarnet
|
inhibits viral DNA pol and RT
NO resistance Clinical use: CMV retinitis, Acyclovir resistant HSV, Ganciclovir resistant CMV Side effects: nephrotoxicity, hypocalcemia |
|
|
HIV Treatments
|
Nucleoside analogs: Zidovudine, Lamivudine
non-nucleoside RT inhibitors: Nevirapine Nucleotide analog RT inhibitor: Tenofovir Peptide analgos that inhibit protease: Ritonavir and Indinavir Fusion inhibitor: Enfuvirtide |
|
|
Zidovudine (AZT)
|
Mechanism: Z-triphosphate binds viral RT, used in combo with RT inhibitor or PI
Clinical Use: HIV-1 Side Effects: most serious and frequent is granulocytopenia and anemia, increased risk of bone marrow toxicity by Amphotericin B |
|
|
Didanosine (ddI)
|
Mechanism: if Zidovudine is like TTP, ddI is like ATP
inhibits viral RT Clinical Use: used in those who can't tolerate Zidovudine or show deterioration with it Side Effects: peripheral neuropathy and pancreatitis |
|
|
Lamivudine
|
combo therapy with Zidovudine
GI distress and neutropenia like Zidovudine but less frequent HIV and chronic treatment of Hep B |
|
|
Nevirapine
|
non-nucleoside RT inhibitor
|
|
|
Tenofovir
|
nucleotide analag RT inhibitor
prodrugs of AMP analof Fanconi's syndrome like tetracycline Dosed 1/day, doesn't require phosphorylation, and anti-hep B activity |
|
|
Ritonavir
|
Protease inhibitor
Contraindicated with anti-arrhythmics, sedative/hypnotics bc of cyt p450 induction Side Effects: Worst in the group, GI distress, circumoral paresthesia, increased liver enzymes and CK *Slows disease progression and reduced mortality |
|
|
Indinavir
|
Protease Inhibitor
also reacs with cytP450 (but less so) Side Effects: Nephrolithiasis Indinavir+Lamivudine had undetectable levels of virus |
|
|
Enfuvirtide
|
Fusion inhibitor
blocks change in gp41 high incidence of local reaction (98%) |
|
|
Amantadine
|
Mechanism unknown
ONLY Influenza A Prophylaxis during epidemics used in Parkinson's not metabolized CNS toxicity |
|
|
Rimantidine
|
analog of Amantadine
hepatic rather than renal excretion less CNS toxicity |
|
|
Oseltamivir
Zanamivir |
Oral Neuraminidase inhibitors
Acute Influenza A AND B Oselt: nausea, headache Zana: bronchospasm |
