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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Acyclovir
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Monophosporylated by viral thimidine kinase further bioactivated by host cell kinases to Tri phosphate
A cyclovir-Triphosphate is both substrate for and inhibitor of viral DNA polymerase - when incorportated into DNA acts as hcain terminator because lacks the quivalent of ribosyl 3' hydroxyl group (cant catalyze next reaction) |
Adverse effects:
Crystal Uria (maintain full hydration) neurotoxic(agitation headache confusion and seizures if OD) NOT HEMATOXIC |
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Gancyclovir
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MOA: similar to Acyclovir
viral Specific thymidine kinase in HSV and phosphotransferase in CMV Inhibits viral DNA polymerase works on HSV, VZV, CMV |
Adverse effects:
Dose limiting hemato toxic (leukopenia and thrombocytopenia) Mucositisfever rash crystaluria (seizure overdose) |
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Foscarnet
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MOA: Not a antimetabolite but still inhibits viral dna and rna polymerase
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Dose Limiting nephrotoxic
with acute tubular necrosis Elecrtrolyte imbalance with hypOcalcemia (tremors and seizures) Avoid Pentamidine IV ) Inc. Nephrotox and hypOcalcemia |
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Zidovudine
SAFE IN PREGNANCY |
Class: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
MOA:Phosphorylated nonspecifically to triphosphate that can inhibit reverse transcriptase by competing with nautural nucleotides and can also be incorportate into viral DNA to cause chain turmination... lacks 3' hydroxyl |
Hematoxicity (major- Dose Limiting)
Headache, asthenia(weakness) myalgia, myopathym periphiral neuropathy |
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Diadanosine
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CLASS: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
MOA:Phosphorylated nonspecifically to triphosphate that can inhibit reverse transcriptase by competing with nautural nucleotides and can also be incorportate into viral DNA to cause chain turmination... lacks 3' hydroxyl |
Pancretitis (major dose limiting)
Peripheral Neuropathy , hyperuricemia, liver dysfunction |
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Zalcitabine
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CLASS: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
MOA:Phosphorylated nonspecifically to triphosphate that can inhibit reverse transcriptase by competing with nautural nucleotides and can also be incorportate into viral DNA to cause chain turmination... lacks 3' hydroxyl |
Peripheral neuropathy (major dose limiting)
GI, pancreatitis, neutropenia, rash |
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Stavudine
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CLASS: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
MOA:Phosphorylated nonspecifically to triphosphate that can inhibit reverse transcriptase by competing with nautural nucleotides and can also be incorportate into viral DNA to cause chain turmination... lacks 3' hydroxyl |
peripheral Neuropathy (major dose limiting
Myelo suppresion less then Zidovidine |
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Lamivudine
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CLASS: Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
MOA:Phosphorylated nonspecifically to triphosphate that can inhibit reverse transcriptase by competing with nautural nucleotides and can also be incorportate into viral DNA to cause chain turmination... lacks 3' hydroxyl |
AE:
Least toxic of NRTI but some GI effect and neutropenia.. active in hepatitis B |
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NEVIRAPINE
EFAVIRENZ |
CLASS: Non Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitrors (NNRTI)
MOA: Inhibit reverse transcriptase at different side from NRTI dont reuqire phosphorylation to be active or compte with neucleotides |
Not Myelosupressant
Peripheral neuropathy,Lactic acidosis Rash |
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Enfuviritide
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Bind Viral Gp41 subunit, inhibit conformational changes reuqire for fusion with CD 4 cells blocking entery and replication used in pt with persistant viral replication despide antiretroviral
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Hypersensitivity reaction at subcutaneous injection site
Inc. Risk of bacterial pneumonia |
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Saquinavir
Ritonavir Indinavir Nelfinavir Amprenavir |
MOA:
ASpartate protease (pol gene) is a viral enzyme that cleaves precurse polypeptides in HIV buds to form the protein of the mature virus core. Enzyme contains dipeptide not seen in mammalian proteins .. PI bind to this dipeptide inhibitingthe enzyme Resistance occurs via specific point mutatiun. in POL gene |
Adverse effects
Indinavir (crystaluria) Thrombocytopenia Ritonovir Major Inteaticons.. induces Cyp 1a2 and inhibts 3a4 and 2d6) Hyperglycemia, Gi intolerace(N/D) Lipodystophy |
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Poxvirus
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Has an envelope
ds DNA LINEAR Transcribes DNA in cytoplasm becuase of DNA Dependant RNA Major viruses Variola, Vaccinia, Molluscum contagiosum |
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Herpes Virus
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Enveloped
Ds, DNA Linear Dna Replicates in Nucleus Major viruses: HSV, VZV, CMV, EBV, HHV |
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Hepadna virus
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Encapsulated
Partially Ds DNA CICULAR Nuclues replication MAjor illness : HEP B |
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ADENOvirus
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Naked virus
DsDna Linear Nuclear transcription/lation Major virus ;;; Adenovirus |
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Polyoma, Papilloma
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Nake virus
Ds DNA, Circular major viruses are Papiloma/ polyoma |
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Parvovirus
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Naked Virus,
Ss DNA linear DNA replicates in nucleus Mjor virus is Parvo b19 |
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