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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 2 reasons to why caspids and envelopes necessary? |
1. Fusion 2. Surface marker for immune response |
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What are 2 ways viruses are classified as? |
1. DNA 2. RNA |
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What are 4 ways for viruses to enter? |
1. Inhalation 2. Ingestion 3. Transplacentally 4. Inoculation (ie. skin, sex, blood) |
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How does HIV replication occur?? |
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What are 2 areas of target that antiretrovirals (HIV drugs) focus on? |
1. RT 2. Protease |
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What are 4 types antiretrovirals (HIV drug)? |
1. RT inhibitors a) NRTI (nucleoside ...) b) NNRTI 2. PI inhibitor 3. Fusion inhibitors - prevents virus from fusing viral membranes w/ host cell membrane 4. Integrase inhibitors - prevents virus from inserting it's genes into the host's DNA |
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What is the MA of NRTI (zidovudine)? |
Thymidine analogue -> RT incorporates it when creating the viral DNA -> makes virion nonfunctional and not able to be incorporated into the host's DNA |
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What are 4 SE of NRTI? |
1. GI effects 2. Fatigue 3. Anorexia 4. Bone marrow supression |
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What are 2 interactions of NRTI? |
1. Acetominophen 2. Gancyclovir -> incr bone marrow supression |
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What are 4 contras of NRTI? |
1. Liver/kindey/cardiac or alcohol issues 2. pancreatitis |
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What are 3 SE of NNRTI (nevirapine)? |
1. GI effects 2. Hepatoxic 3. Skin rash |
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What are 2 contras of NNRTI? |
Liver and CNS toxicity |
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What are 3 interactions of NNRTI? |
Decrease plasma concentration of the following 1. Oral contraceptives 2. Methadone (opioid) 3. Pi |
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What are 6 SE of PI (indinavir, squaninavir)? |
1. Bone marrow suppression 2. GI effects 3. Renal and hepatoxicity 4. Kidney stones 5. Fat distribution 6. Parathesia |
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What are 4 interactions of PI? |
1. phenobarb (CNS depressant) 2. Phenytoin & carbamezapine (both anticonvilsants) 3. Rifampin (antibiotic) |
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What are 3 contras for PI? |
1. Renal and liver issues 2 seizure disorders |
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What is the H1NA virus? |
Influenza A that contains RNA |
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What are 2 proteins found on the envelope of an RNA virus (H1N1)? |
1. Hemagglutin (H) 2. Neuraminidase (N) |
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How does H1N1 replicate? |
NOTE: budding of the virus from host leads to death of the host cell |
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What are 2 types of antivirals for H1N1? |
1. Amantidines - blocks M2 2. Neuraminidase Inhibitor |
