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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
-most anti viral drugs are pro drugs what does this mean?
-what do these drugs resemble? |
Many Anti viral drugs are anti metabolites that resemble the structure of naturally occurring purine and pyrimidine bases or their nucleoside forms.
Anti metabolites are usually pro-drugs requiring metabolic activation by host cells or viral enzymes, such bioactivation involves phosphorylation reactions catalyzed by Kinases. |
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Rx of respiratory viral infections:
caused by influenza types A and B, RSV? |
Amantadine
Rimantadine Ribavirin (also used for HAV, HCV inf) Zanamivir Oseltamivir |
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Rx of HSV and CMV, VZV :
|
Acyclovir, Valcyclovir *
Famciclovir, Penciclovir Ganciclovir, Valganciclovir * Foscarnet Fomivirsen Trifluridine, Idoxuridine Vidarabine Docosanol Cidofovir * |
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Drugs used for hepatitis
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Interferon alpha
Adefovir (is an orally-administered nucleotide analog reverse transcriptase inhibitor, an enzyme that is crucial for the hepatitis B virus replication. The main benefit of adefovir over lamivudine is that it takes a much longer period of time before the virus develops resistance to it) Lamivudine Ribavirin (Rx of HAV and HCV infections) |
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S/E Adefovir
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Nephrotoxicity, Lactic acidosis, severe
hepatomegaly with steatosis) |
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Rx of HIV infections
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*1. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs):*
Zidovudine Stavudine Lamivudine Didanosine Zalcitabine 2. Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors: Tenofovir Abacavir 3. Non-Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs): Nevirapine Delavirdine Efavirenz 4. HIV protease inhibitors : Indinavir Ritonavir Saquinavir Nelfinavir Amprenavir Lopinavir 5. fusion inhibitors : Enfuvirtide : Inhibitor of fusion of HIV-1 with CD4 cells. It binds to gp 41 subunit and prevents the conformational changes required for fusion. S/E : Local inj. Site reaction, Bacterial pneumonia, hypersensitivity. |
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Amantadine
Rimantadine MOA: |
Block viral penetration or uncoating
|
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MOA
Acyclovir Gancyclovir Foscarnet |
Inhibit Viral DNA polymerases
|
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MOA
Foscarnet Ribavirin |
nhibit Viral RNA polymerases
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MOA
Zidovudine Stavudine Lamivudine Zalcitabine Didanosine Nevirapine |
Inhibit Viral Reverse Transcriptase
|
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MOA
Indinavir Ritonavir Saquinavir Nelfinavir |
Inhibit Viral Aspartate protease
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MOA
.Zanamivir Oseltamivir |
Inhibit Viral Neuraminidase
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Rx of HIV infections
|
*1. Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs):*
Zidovudine Stavudine Lamivudine Didanosine Zalcitabine 2. Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors: Tenofovir Abacavir 3. Non-Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs): Nevirapine Delavirdine Efavirenz 4. HIV protease inhibitors : Indinavir Ritonavir Saquinavir Nelfinavir Amprenavir Lopinavir 5. fusion inhibitors : Enfuvirtide : Inhibitor of fusion of HIV-1 with CD4 cells. It binds to gp 41 subunit and prevents the conformational changes required for fusion. S/E : Local inj. Site reaction, Bacterial pneumonia, hypersensitivity. |
|
Amantadine
Rimantadine MOA: |
Block viral penetration or uncoating
|
|
MOA
Acyclovir Gancyclovir Foscarnet |
Inhibit Viral DNA polymerases
|
|
MOA
Foscarnet Ribavirin |
nhibit Viral RNA polymerases
|
|
MOA
Zidovudine Stavudine Lamivudine Zalcitabine Didanosine Nevirapine |
Inhibit Viral Reverse Transcriptase
|