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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 5 first line anti-tuberculotic agents?
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INH, Rifampin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide, Streptomycin
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How does INH work?
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inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
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How is INH metabolized?
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in liver via acetylation (so whether the pt is a slow or fast acetylator determines metabolism of drug)
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What side effects are associated with INH?
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peripheral neuritis, hepatotoxicity, jaundice, hemolysis
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How does Rifampin work?
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inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase
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Which anti-tb agent is good for latent stages, which is good for active?
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INH: both
rifampin: latent ethambutol: active |
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All of the anti-tb agents are orally administered except which one?
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streptomycin
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Which anti-tb agent has orange metabolites?
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rifampin
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What side effects are associated with rifampin?
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induces hepatic drug metabolism for other drugs decreasing their half life
decreases effect of oral contraceptives because it increases catabolism of steroids |
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How does ethambutol work?
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inhibits synthesis of arabinogalactan
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What side effects are associated with ethambutol?
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*visual effects* irreversible red-green color blindness
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Which anti-tb is good for tuberculosus meningitis?
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pyrazinamide
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What is the most common toxic effect of INH?
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hepatitis
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Which anti-tb agent is good for Mtb within macrophages because of their acidic pH?
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pyrazinamide
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How does streptomycin work?
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protein synthesis inhibitor (30s))
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What side effects does the 2nd line tb agent Para-Aminosalicylic acid have?
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GI, kidney, liver damage
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What side effects are associated with ethionamide? (a 2nd line tb agent)
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GI, neuropathy, CNS toxicity, hepatotoxic
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What side effects are associated with cycloserine?
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neuropathy, CNS toxicity
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What side effects are associated with rifabutin?
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neutropenia
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What side effects are associated with capreomycin?
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kindey damage, ototoxic
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What is the typical treatment for mycobacterium avium complex?
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2-3 antimicrobials for 12 months
ethambutol + clarithromycin or azithromycin + one more oral anti-tb |
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Which anti-tb is good for HIV co-infected pts?
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rifabutin
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What is the DOC for multibacillary mycobacterium leprae?
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rifampin + dapsone + clofazimine
for 12 months |
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What is DOC for paucibacillary mycobacterium leprae?
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rifampin + dapsone for 6 months
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How is dapsone administered?
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orally
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How does clofazimine work?
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binds to mycobacterial DNA
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How are the leprae drugs administered?
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oral
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What thalidomide used for clinically?
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DOC for erythema nodosum leprosum for men and women with non-childbearing potential
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What side effect is associated with thalidomide?
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TERATOGENIC
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