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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Tuberculosis |
caused by acid fast bacillus. kills more people than any other disease. tansmitted form one person to the other by droplets in the air through coughing and sneezing |
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Antitubercular Drugs |
antimycobacterial agents - agents that sure TB Prophylactic isonaizid theraphy for 6 months to 1 year, multidrug theraphy is most effective 1st phase: 2 months 2nd phase: 4-7 months |
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first line drugs for TB |
isoniazid, rifampin, rifapentine, pyrazinamide, ethambutal, strepomycin |
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Second line drugs for TB |
para-aminosalicylic acid, kanamycin, cycloserine, ethionaide, caperomycin, pyrazinamide |
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Hepatotoxicity |
liver toxicity |
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Opportunistic infections |
usually occur in the immunocomprised or debilitated population or those taking antibotics, chemotherphy. |
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Antifungal drugs |
antimycotic drugs are used to treat fungal infections classified into 5 groups 1. Polyenes (nystatin) 2. Azoles (ketoconazole) 3. Antimetabloics (flucytosine) 4. Echinocandins (Caspofungin) 5. Antiprotozoals (atovaquone) |
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Amphotericin B |
Polyene antifungal drug of choice, act by binding to the fungal cell membrane and forming open channels that increase cell permeability and leakage of intracellular components |
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Nystatin |
polyene antifungal drug adminsitered orally or topically totreat candida infection
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Azole Group |
used to treat systemic fungal infection by inhibiting cytochrome P450 in fungal cells, interfereing with the formation of ergosterol |
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Antimetabolite |
selectively penetrating the fungal cell, disrupts fungal DNA and RNA synthesis |
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Echinocandins |
inhibit biosynthesis of essential components of the fungal cell wall, with interferes with growth and reproduction. caspofungin |
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Antiprotozoal |
atovaquone is an antiprotozal agent is used to treat mild to moderate Pneumocytis carinnii pneumonia. disrupts the mitochondrial electron transpoet and inhibiting DNA synthesis. |
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PEPTIDES |
used as antbotics 2 groups: 1 polymyxins, 2. bacitracin |
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Polymyxins |
Polymyxin B produce a bactericidal effect by interfering with cell membrane of the bacterium, therby causing dell death. |
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Bacitracin |
polypeptide structure and acts by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis and damaging the cell eall membrane |
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Metronidazole |
acts by imparing DNA function of the susceptible bacteria, treats oraginism in the GI tract
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