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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the mechanism for Amphotericin B?
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Binds ergosterol (unique to fungi); forms membrane pores that allow leakage of electrolytes and disrupt homeostasis.
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What is the mechanism for Nystatin?
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Binds to ergosterol, disrupting fungal membranes. "Swish and swallow" for oral candidiasis (thrush).
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What is the mechanism for "Azoles?" Ex: Fluconazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, etc.
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Inhibit fungal steroid (ergosterol) synthesis.
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What is the mechanism for Flucytosine?
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It inhibits DNA synthesis by conversion to flourouracil, which competes with uracil.
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What is the mechanism for Caspofungin?
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It inhibits cell wall synthesis.
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What is the mechanism for Terbinafine?
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It inhibits the fungal enzyme squalene epoxidase.
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What is the mechanism for Griseofulvin?
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It interferes with microtubule function; disrupts mitosis. Deposits in keratin-containing tissues (e.g., nails).
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What is the mechanism for Amantadine?
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It blocks viral penetration/uncoating; may buffer pH of endosome. Also causes the release of dopamine from intact nerve terminals.
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What is the mechanism for Zanamivir, Oseltamivir?
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It inhibits influenza neuraminidase.
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What is the mechanism for Ribavirin?
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It inhibits synthesis of guanine nucleotides by competiitively inhibiting IMP dehydrogenase.
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What is the mechanism for Acyclovir?
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Preferencially inhibits viral DNA polymerase when phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase.
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What is the mechanism for Ganciclovir?
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Phosphorylation by viral kinase; preferencially inhibits CMV DNA polymerase.
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What is the mechanism for Foscarnet?
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Viral DNA polymerase inhibitor that binds to the pyrophosphate binding site of the enzyme. Does not require activation by viral kinase.
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What is the mechanism for HIV therapy Protease inhibitors Saquinavir, ritonavir,indinavir, nelfinavir, and amprenavir?
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It inhibitors assemblu pf mew virus by blocking protease enzyme.
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What is the mechanism for HIV therapy Reverse transcriptase inhibitors?
Nucleosides: Zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), zalcitabine (ddC), stavudine (d4T), lamivudine (3TC), abacavir. Non-nucleosides: Nevirapine, delaviridine, efavirenz. |
Preferencially inhibit reverse transcriptase of HIV; prevent incorporation of viral genome into host DNA.
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What is the mechanism for Interferons?
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Glycoproteins from human leukocytes that block various stages of viral RNA and DNA synthesis.
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