Antimicrobial Inhibitors Of Protein Synthesis

Front 1

Tetracyclines (TC)
effect on bacteria?
enter bacteria?
resistance?

Back 1

Bacteriostatic
through porins-->energy dependent
:efflux pump (plasmid) & ribosome protection proteins
*resistance to 1=all

Front 2

Lipophilic Tetracyclines

Back 2

Minocycline and doxycycline.
Can go through (-) outer membrane
: are effective against some bact resistant to other TC

Front 3

antimicrobial spectrum TC

Back 3

1) broad
2) Rickettsial
3) m. pneumonia
4) chlamydia

Front 4

Distribution TC
CNS?
Placenta?
Metabolized?

Back 4

minocycline best
: affect long bones and teeth in baby
: Liver & some kidney
doxy and mino all liver

Front 5

TC Adverse Affects

Back 5

Gastric probs, bones in young, hepatotoxicity, photo, vestibular probs, yeast infection

Front 6

Aminoglycosides (AG)
spectrum?
name clue?
bacterial effect?

Back 6

:gram - and help w/gram +
: mycin or micin
: bactericidal

Front 7

AG transport
:Through outer wall
:through cytoplasmic membrane
:how effect protein sythesis
:concentration trend

Back 7

: (-) pores, sometimes disrupt outer membrane, make own pores
(+) water filled areas of wall
:Binds, oxygen dependent across
**ONLY AEROBIC BACTERIA
:only 1 ribosome per mRNA, misread mRNA
:[ ] dependent killing and post AntB effect

Front 8

AG
Resistance Forms (3)

Back 8

: Modify drug enzymatically (plasmid)
: Bad O2 dependet transport
: Alter ribosomes

Front 9

AG
Antibacterial Spectrum
(very important)
Bactericidal?

Back 9

1) Aerobic
2) Primarily (-) (pseudomonas, enterobacter
3) Staph and strep
4) w/penicillins for gram + : turn bactericidal

Front 10

AG
Absorbed?
Metabolism?
Toxicity?

Back 10

: No PO, only IV, IM topical, no CSF
: Kidney, unchanged
: Nephrotoxicity (neomycin don't give)
: Ototoxicty (strep and genta)
: Neuromuscular block (MG)
less toxicity w/once day dosing

Front 11

Macrolides:
Erythromycin, chloramphenicol and clindamycin, azythromycin
: indications
: bacteriocidal?
: resistance

Back 11

: Esp. for penicillin allergies, legionella, bordatella
: Bacteriostatic except s. pneumoniae and s. pyogens
: Most staph in hospital. Less upake and modfied ribosome

Front 12

Erythromycin, chlor and clinda
: Metabolism
: Adverse effects

Back 12

: Liver P-450
: Epigastric distress, jaundice, ototoxicity, pts w/liver probs
:

Front 13

claritromymin: Good against?

Azithromycin: Good against?

Back 13

: erythromycin stuff. h. influenza, chlamydia

: less against staph and strep than erythro. H. flu and Moaxella catarrhalis. MAC

Front 14

Chloramphenicol
: Activity?
: Resistance?
: spectrum?

Back 14

: mostly bacteriostatic. Only serious infections (toxic)
: Change permeability, ribosome
: Very broad, even some non-bacteria

Front 15

When use chloramphenicol?

Toxicity

Back 15

: Typhoid fever and brain abcess, otherwise try other drug first, Watch for blood problems
: aplastic or Hemolytic anemia, grey baby (kidneys can't excrete), P450 interact

Front 16

Clindamycin
:spectrum
: enter brain?
metabolism:
Adverse effects:

Back 16

: + and anaerobes. NO Aerobic (-). CA-MRSA. alternative to penicillin for strep. intrabdominal and gynococal
: no
: Allergy, pseundomembranous enterocolitis (C. Diff)

Front 17

Streptogramins (synercid)
: mechanism
: spectrum
: metabolism
: dverse effects

Back 17

: 2 things act together inhibit protein
: enterococcus faecium, MRSA, S. epidermerdis, pneumonia bacteria
: poorly absorbed, need IV

Front 18

Linezolid
action:
adverse
spectrum

Back 18

protein synthesis inhibitor
:N/V, bone marrow supression
: s. aureus, srep, e. faecium and e. faecalis

Front 19

mupirocin
spectrum:
use:

Back 19

: most gram positive
: prophylaxis and skin infection
and clearance of MRSA colonization in nasopharynx

Front 20

mitronidazole
action
penetration
spectrum

Back 20

: disrupts DNA
: bactericidal for anaerobes and protozoan