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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Class that inhibits murein polymer crosslinking
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Beta-Lactam Antibiotics
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Classes of Beta-lactams
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Penicillins
Cephalosporins Monobactams Carbapenems |
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The function of beta-lactamase and three examples of inhibitors
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Beta-lactamase cleaves the active site of the beta-lactam ring.
Cavulanic acid Sulbactam Tazobactam |
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Acts synergisically with beta-lactams and binds the 30S ribosomal subunit
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Aminoglycosides
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Five subclasses of Penicillins
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Penicillin G and V
Antistaphylococcal Penicillin Amino Penicillin Carboxy Penicillin Ureido Penicillin |
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Most common adverse effect from Beta-lactam therapy and mechanism
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Hypersensitivity Reaction
Beta-lactam can react with amino groups on proteins to form hapten-carrier complex |
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Inhibitors of metabolism
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Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim |
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Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis
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B-lactams
Vancomycin |
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Inhibitors of protein synthesis
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Tetracyclines
Aminoglycosides Macrolides Clindamycin Chloramphenicol |
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Inhibitors of cell membrane function
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Isoniazid
Amphotericin B |
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Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis or function
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Fluoroquinolones
Rifampin |
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Mechanisms of transfer of ABX resistance: List and Define
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Transformation- Uptake and incorporation of free DNA
Conjugation- Cell-to-Cell Transfer of DNA Transduction- Transfer of DNA by Transducing Bacteriophage |
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Inhibitors of Monomer Synthesis
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Fosfomycin
Fosmidomycin Cycloserine |
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Fosfomycin/Fomidomycin action
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Acts as a phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) analogue.
Bind irreversably to MurA |
Resistance occurs in transporters or MurA affinity
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Cycloserine action
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Structural analogue of D-ala
Irreversably binds to Racemace and D-ala-D-ala Synthetase |
Resistance due to increases uptake of D-ala
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Inhibitors of polymerization
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Bacitracin
Vancomycin Teicoplanin |
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Bacitracin Action
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Inhibits dephosphorylation of Bactoprenol Phosphate
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Vancomycin/Teicoplanin action
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Binds to D-ala-D-ala-NAG terminus of murein monomer preventing addition to polypeptide
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Resistance from subtitution to D-ala-D-lactate
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Structural analogue of B-lactams
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D-ala-D-ala
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6-ring B-lactam
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Cephalosporin
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Murein monomers are added to...
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NAG of growing polypeptide
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Ethambutol action
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Inhibits arabinosyl tranferase
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Resistance conferred by mutation in arabinosyl transferase
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Pyrazinamide action
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Inhibits FAS I from converting Acetyl CoA to Saturated Fatty Acid
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Resistance conferred by mutation in enzyme which converts prodrug into drug
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Isonizid action
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Inhibits FAS II from linking Saturated Fatty Acids
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Resistance conferred by mutation in enzyme which converts prodrug into drug
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