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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chloroquine
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DOC for both treatment & prophylaxis of
all P. vivax and P. ovale malaria infections |
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Chloroquine
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Highly effective blood schizonticide
NOT active against liver stage parasites |
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Chloroquine Contraindication
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psoriasis or porphyria (may precipitate attacks)
retinal or visual field abnormalities |
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Chloroquine
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SAFE IN PREGNANCY & YOUNG CHILDREN
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Quinine and Quinidine
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First-line therapies for severe falciparum disease
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Quinine and Quinidine
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Derived from cinchona tree bark
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Quinine and Quinidine
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Rapidly-acting, highly effective blood schizonticide
Quinine and Quinidine |
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Quinine
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oral treatment of uncomplicated malaria
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Quinidine
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IV treatment for severe malaria
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Quinine and Quinidine
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Hypoglycemia – stimulation of insulin release
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Quinine and Quinidine
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Uterine contractions – still drug of choice for severe
falciparum malaria in pregnancy |
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Quinine and Quinidine
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Blackwater fever – hemolysis + hemoglobinuria (likely
hypersensitivity reaction) |
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Quinine and Quinidine
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FDA Category C (however benefits do often
outweigh risks in complicated malaria) |
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Mefloquine
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Effective against many chloroquine-resistant
strains |
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Mefloquine
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Currently only medication recommended for chemoprophylaxis in pregnant women in chloroquine-resistant areas
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Mefloquine + artesunate
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uncomplicated malaria in regions of Southeast Asia
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Mefloquine SE
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Serious neuropsychiatric toxicities (depression, confusion, acute psychosis, or seizures) = < 1 in 1000
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Mefloquine
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DO NOT coadminister with quinine, quinidine or halofantrine
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Primaquine
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Drug of choice for eradication of dormant liver
forms of P. vivax and P. ovale |
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Primaquine
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Also used for chemoprophylaxis (all strains)
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Primaquine
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Therapy of acute vivax and ovale malaria
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Primaquine
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Terminal prophylaxis of vivax and ovale malaria
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Primaquine
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Pregnancy – fetus is relatively G6PD deficient (FDA
category not yet assigned). DO NOT use during pregnancy |
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Malarone
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treatment & prophylaxis of P. falciparum
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Malarone
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atovaquone + proguanil
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Pyrimethamine
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Inhibitors of Folate Synthesis
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Proguanil
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Inhibitors of Folate Synthesis
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Sulfadoxine
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Inhibitors of Folate Synthesis
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Doxycycline + quinine
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treatment of severe falciparum malaria
Used to complete treatment course after severe malaria is treated with quinine, quinidine or artesunate |
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Doxycycline + quinine
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Fatal hepatotoxicity (in pregnancy)
DO NOT use in pregnancy or children < 8y FDA Category D |
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Artemisinin
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Treatment of severe, multi-drug resistant falciparum malaria (given IV)
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Artemisinin
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NO effect on hepatic stages
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