Antihypertensives

Front 1

Essential Hypertension

Back 1

high blood pressure with no identiful cause

Front 2

Systolic Hypertension

Back 2

mostly common in geriatrics where systolic pressure is over 120 mmHg and diastolic is above 80mmHg. Major cause of atherosclerosis

Front 3

Malignant Hypertension

Back 3

an organ or disease causes blood pressure to rise either systolic or diastolic

Front 4

Methyldopa

Back 4

a false neurotransmitter that causes decrease activity in the sympathetic system. It works on the Pons of the brain where it substitutes nerve endings Dopa to methyldopa which makes methylnorepinephrine. It is the number one drug for high blood pressure. Adverse effects are sedation and impotence

Front 5

Clonidine

Back 5

stimulates alpha 2 receptor sites in the medulla which lowers HR. Adverse effect is that you are going to have to be on this drug for the rest of your life. Used for high blood pressure

Front 6

Propanolol

Back 6

a non-selective beta blocker used for reduction in HR, renin, and contractions. Adverse effects are vasoconstriction, asthma, increase in insulin which causes hypoglycemia, and insomnia (major AE)

Front 7

Hydrochlorothiazides

Back 7

good for chronic hypertension where it works on the distal convoluted tubule. Can cause ventricular arrhythmia because of hypokalemia

Front 8

Furosemide

Back 8

good for acute hypertension where it works on the loop of henle. Can cause ventricular arrhythmia because of hypokalemia

Front 9

Vasotec and Lisnopril

Back 9

ACE inhibitors which prevent angiotension II fom making aldosterone.

Front 10

Aldesterone

Back 10

produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland, and acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the nephron, the functioning unit of the kidney to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increased water retention, and increased blood pressure. The overall effect of aldosterone is to increase reabsorption of ions and water in the kidney.

Front 11

minoxidil

Back 11

works on blood vessels where it can cause hypertrichosis and carditis. Induces NO arterial. Major use if for hair growth, not hypertension

Front 12

nitroglycerin

Back 12

works on blood vessels, induces NO arterial and venous. must be infused. adverse effects are headaches. Used in ER for hypertension and congestive heart failure

Front 13

verapamil

Back 13

works on blood vessels as calcium channel blockers. Causes decrease HR and contractions. Adverse Effects are constipation

Front 14

Niphedipine

Back 14

works on blood pressure as calcium channel blockers. Good for blood vessel dilation. Adverse Effects are edema

Front 15

Nitroprusside

Back 15

acts on blood vessels which causes vasodilation . Duration is for 2 days--with long periods, acetyl cycsteine must be given. If infused, is short acting

Front 16

Prazosin

Back 16

Alpha blocker used as vasodilater, good for orthostatic hypertension and syncope