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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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histamine
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unknown physiologic fxn, high conc skin/lungs, decarboxylated from histidine, bound to heparin for storage in vesicles of mast cells (heparin pos, histamine neg), rapid (4-5 min) breakdown in blood by diamine oxidase (can have genetic def)
release by ag-ab on mast cell, pcn (direct R w/o ab), narcotics (esp morphine, meperidine/demerol), nsaids, sns (skin rxn but no anaphylaxis) |
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h1 receptors
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capillaries: inc perm --> edema, hives, hypotension
bronchoconstriction uterus: contraction nn: pain, pruritis, h3 in thalamus bv (also h2): dilation --> dec bp |
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h2 receptors
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sa node: inc hr
myocardium: inc contractility secretory cells: inc acid/pepsin prod in stomach stomach: inc h secretion bv (also h1): dilation --> dec bp |
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h3 receptors
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brain?: pain?
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1st gen h1 block
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po, 3-6 hrs, moa competitive inh, use allergy, motion sickness, pruritis, ae anticholinergic (dry mouth, constipation), sedation, a-block (hypotension)
tripelenamine, diphenhydramine, dimenhydranate, chlorpheniramine, meclizine, promethazine |
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tripelenamine
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pbz, 1st gen h1 block, use allergies
+1 antichol, +2 sedation |
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diphenhydramine
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benadryl, 1st gen h1 block, use allergies
+3 antichol, +3 sedation |
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dimenhydrinate
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dramamine, 1st gen h1 block, use mostion sickness
+3 antichol, +3 sedation |
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chlorpheniramine
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chlortrimemton, 1st gen h1 block, better/safer drug for allergies, less ae
+1 antichol, +1 sedation |
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meclizine
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antivert, 1st gen h1 block, use astronaut motion sickness
+0 antichol, +1 sedation |
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promethazine
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phenergan, 1st gen h1 block, use allergies, combined w/ codeine (supp cough) for cold (dry up secretions, dec congestion)
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hydroxyzine
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1st gen h1 block, use pruritis, allergies
+0 antichol, +3 sedation |
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2nd gen h1 block
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po, 12 hrs, moa competitive inh, no sedation, no anticholinergic, no a-block, ae tremor, use only allergy
loratadine, fexofenadine, ceterizine, terfenadine |
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loratadine
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claratin otc, 2nd gen h1 block, clarinex metabolite (rx only, covered by insurance)
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fexofenadine
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allegra, 2nd gen h1 block
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cetirizine
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zyrtec, 2nd gen h1 block
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terfenadine
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seldane, 2nd gen h1 block, not used since p450 metab can be blocked by erythromycin --> inc conc terfenadine --> long qt --> torsades
+0 antichol, +1 sedation |
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h2 block
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po, parenteral, moa competitive inh, ae tremor, use pud
cimetidine, rantidine, famotidine, nizatidine |
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cimetidine
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tagamet, h2 block, inh p450 over time so only use hospital short term, ae gynecomastia, anti-testosterone, use transvestite
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rantidine
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zantac, h2 block, ae hf?
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famotidine
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pepcid, h2 block
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nizatidine
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axid, h2 block
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